教育文化
1993DIRECTIONS:
年真题（流行文化）语 一
Tong
（分类）
— A) Title: Advertisement on TV B) Time limit: 40 minutes
C) Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence)
D) Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the given opening sentence:“Today more and more advertisements are seen on the TV screen.” E) Your composition must be written clearly in the ANSWER SHEET. OUTLINE:
1. Present state 2. Reasons 3. My comments
Today advertisements in mounting numbers are seen on the TV screen. They try to keep you informed of the many different sorts of up-to-date products on the market. Unfortunately, the problem is that it often appears that while you are absorbed in a wonderful program, endless ads interrupt you from time to time and makes you quite annoyed.
Why is there an explosive growth in the number of ads on TV First of all, in a competitive economy, each manufacturing company tries to convince consumers that its products are special and unique. Besides, without advertising, it is inconceivable that television companies could exist. Finally, we consumers also need to learn what new products are available for us to choose from.
Personally, I am in favor of TV ads in that most of them are interesting and informative. However, there is no denying the fact that too more TV advertisements irrelevant to the majority of the viewers are certainly a waste of time. To sum up, it is high time that TV companies strengthened the control of ads. (177 words)
现在电视上出现了越来越多的广告。它们努力告诉你市场上各种各样的时尚产品。不 幸的是，问题在于当你专注于一个精彩节目时，没完没了的广告总是不停地打断你，使你非 常生气。
为什么电视上出现了越来越多的广告首先，在充满竞争的经济环境当中，每个生产 商都想努力说服消费者其产品是特殊的。此外，如果没有广告，电视公司不可能生存。最后， 我们消费者也需要知道可以选择什么新产品。
就我个人而言，由于大多数广告有趣有益，我支持电视广告。然而，不可否认太多与 大多数观众无关的电视广告无疑是浪费时间。总而言之，电视公司应该加强广告控制了。
2006 年真题（流行文化） Directions:
Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should 1)describe the photos briefly;
2)interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and 3)give your point of view.
As is vividly depicted in the photos above, Beckham, the smart British football superstar, is enjoying a striking popularity among the adolescents. In the first picture, Beckham’s name appears on a young man’s face. The caption indicates that worship for the idol is written on the face. In the second photograph, another young person is doing Beckham’s chic hairstyle in a barbershop. We are informed that he is spending 300 yuan imitating his idol’s haircut.
Undoubtedly, the pictures have subtly reflected the social phenomenon that idol worship is prevalent among the teenagers nowadays. Beckham represents the image of sport hero whose handsome appearance and unparalleled football skills are passionately adored by all the sports fans. Likewise, several teenage girls won their fame overnight in The 2005 Super Girl Contest in
China, which provoked nationwide noisy debates on the value and harm of admiring these idols. Briefly speaking, young people are inclined to idolize the people who excel in appearance, intelligence or talent.
Hence, idolatry, the thought-provoking social phenomenon, is a double-edged sword which can exert profound influence on the growth of young people. If we simply worship the idols by
imitating their hairstyle or pursuing fashions unreasonably, the obsession will certainly waste us a great deal of time and money, endangering the efficiency of our work. On the contrary, we will lead a positive and fruitful life if we endeavor to improve ourselves by bridging the gap between our models and us. Accordingly, the latter attitude should be adopted to direct our way of life. (255 words)
以上的照片生动地显示出来，相貌英俊的英国足球巨星贝克汉姆在年轻人中广受欢迎。在 第一张照片中，贝克汉姆的名字出现在一个年轻人的额头上。文字表明：对偶像的崇拜写在 了脸上。在第二张照片中，这个年轻人正在理发店中做贝克汉姆的时髦发型。我们得到的信 息是他正花 300 元来模仿偶像的发式。
毫无疑问，照片巧妙地反映了这样一个社会现象：偶像崇拜目前在青年人中非常盛行。 贝克汉姆代表了体育界英雄的形象，他的英俊外表以及高超的球技正是球迷们热情追捧的。 同样，2005 年中国举办的“超级女生”大赛中，几个十几岁的女孩一夜成名。围绕着崇拜 这些偶像的意义和危害，这个事件激起了全国性的争论。总之，青年人往往容易崇拜那些在 外表、才华和特长方面极其出色的人。
在我看来，偶像崇拜这个发人深思的社会现象，其实是把双刃剑，可以深刻影响青年人 成长。如果我们只是靠模仿偶像发型或追逐时尚的方式来崇拜他们，这种痴迷将必定浪费我 们大量的金钱和时间，影响我们的工作效率。相反，如果我们靠弥补我们和榜样之间的差距 来努力提高自己，我们就会过一种积极和收获显着的生活。因此，我们应当采取后面一种态 度来指引我们的人生。
2009 年真题（流行文化） Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) give your comments.
As is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon, a large number of people are surfing online within a stretching spider web, either to entertain themselves or to meet the work's needs. Unfortunately, it seems rather ironic to present people separated from each other by the spider web when they attempt to communicate. Undoubtedly, the spider web serves as a symbol of Internet, both connecting people and isolating them from each other.
The metaphorical and impressive portrayal has subtly revealed the duality of the relationship between man and Internet. On the one hand, there is no denying that Internet is currently one of the most efficient media used for interpersonal communication. As a college student, I get on line every day to discuss news with other people on BBS, to study English by registering for web courses, to chat freely through MSN Messenger with my friends. But on the other hand, a good many people admit that they are too much addicted to Internet to maintain face-to-face contact with their friends and colleagues. Once indulged in the fictitious world, people feel reluctant to approach others and to concentrate on real life. That's why some people have lost the skill of direct contact and get alienated from others.
Hence, it is necessary for us to use Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from overindulgence. After all, Internet is invented to connect you and me, and to bring conveniences to our life rather than set a barrier to keep people beyond reach.(249words)
这幅漫画象征性地阐释了无论是为了自我娱乐还是适应工作的需求，很多人在一个拉伸的 蜘蛛网之内网上冲浪。然而，看来相当讽刺的地方是，这幅图呈现了他们在试图互相交流的 同时，却被蜘蛛网彼此隔开。毫无疑问，这个蜘蛛网作为互联网的一种象征，既连接了人们， 又使他们彼此隔离。
这幅比喻并使人印象深刻的图画象征性揭示了人与互联网之间的双重关系。一方面，不 可否认网络目前是用于人际交流的最高效媒介之一。作为一名大学生，我每天上网与他人在 BBS 上讨论新闻，通过注册网络课程来学习英语，借助 MSN 和我的朋友们免费聊天。但另 一方面，很多人承认他们太沉迷于网络而不愿与朋友和同事保持面对面接触。一旦沉迷于这 种虚幻世界，人们不愿接近他人并关注现实生活。这就是一些人丧失了直接沟通技能并与他
人疏远的原因。
因此，我们很有必要以一种合理的方式使用互联网，避免过度沉迷。毕竟，人们发明互 联网是为了连接你和我，为我们的生活带来方便，而非设置障碍使人彼此疏远。
2002 年真题(文化交流) Directions:
Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures---National and International”. In the essay you should
the picture and interpret its meaning, and your comments on the phenomenon.
The picture vividly depicts a lovely American girl in traditional Chinese costume with a sweet smile on her face. She wears ribbons, necklaces and other accessories that are characteristic of the clothes of a certain Chinese minority group. Undoubtedly, the costume has added oriental charm/glamour to her beautiful look/appearance/features.
What the picture conveys goes far beyond only/merely a new fashion trend. Instead, it carries cultural meanings/implications as well. The fact that people from different countries are attracted to mysterious Chinese culture indicates that to some extent a culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared internationally. In other words, a nation’s unique/distinctive culture can become international through worldwide economic and cultural exchanges. Since the trend of globalization becomes irresistible, the increasing cultural exchanges can effectively improve mutual understanding and friendship. It is my view that national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished. Meanwhile, there are good reasons to advocate international culture for those ideas from the other cultures, controversial or even absurd at first sight, can provide a different perspective for us to observe the world in the long run. Nevertheless, when we are confronted with a different culture, we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side. Only in this way can we promote cultural development positively and make our world dimensional, colorful and vigorous. (221 words)
这幅图画生动描述了一位可爱的美国小女孩身穿传统的中国服装，面带甜蜜的微笑。 她戴着具有某个中国少数民族服饰特征的发带、项链和其他装饰品。毫无疑问，这套服装为 她美丽的外表增添了东方的魅力。
这幅图画所表达的远远不只是一种新的时尚潮流。反之，它具有文化内涵。神秘的中 国文化吸引了各国人民这一事实，显示了在某种程度上，一种文化可以被国际性地接受、尊 重、欣赏和分享。换而言之，一个民族独特的文化可以通过全球性的经济和文化交流走向世 界。由于全球化潮流不可阻挡，所以文化交流可以有效增进相互间的理解和友谊。
在我看来，我们应该保存和珍惜作为无价精神财富的民族文化。同时，我们很有必要推 广世界文化，因为来自其他文化的观点，即使乍看起来相互矛盾或荒谬，但从长远看来，可 以为我们观察这个世界提供一种不同的视角。然而，在我们面临不同文化时，应该充满理智
地取其精华、去其糟粕。只有这样我们才能积极发展民族文化，并使我们的世界丰富多元、 五颜六色、充满活力。
2010 年真题（文化交流） Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1) describe the drawing briefly, 2) explain its intended meaning, and then 3) give your comments.
As is symbolically illustrated in the portrayal, there is a boiling hot pot containing various ingredients of multi-cultures. These pluralistic cultures can be categorized as celebrities home and abroad as Bi Sheng, Lao She, Shakespeare and Einstein, philosophical concepts as Buddhism,
Taoism, Confucianism, Goodness, ritual, humanism, Enlightenment, post-modernism and deconstruction, as well as performing arts as Beijing Opera, Gong Fu, Liang Zhu and Swan Lake. We are informed that the cultural “hot pot” is both delicious and nutritious.
The purpose of the cartoonist is to show us that instead of being outdated and of little value in a rapidly modernizing world, cultural blending should be encouraged and maintained. On the one hand, mosaic cultures are part of the universal heritage of humanity and they are powerful means of bringing together diverse peoples and social groups. Consequently, cultural integration has become indispensable as a means of promoting further cultural development and
maintenance. On the other hand, for China, as for any other rapidly developing country, there is a danger that age-old customs and traditions may become lost in the shadows of modernization. If Gong Fu, Beijing Opera or Swan Lake Ballet ever perished from the earth, it would be a tragedy of immeasurable proportions.
In my view, multi-cultures can be kept alive by the people with the time to do so, and is extremely vital in ensuring a community’s future development and prosperity. As a consequence of successful commercialization efforts, unwavering government support and growing interests overseas, the future of cultural blending looks brighter and more secure than ever before.(254words)
如图象征性所示，一只沸腾的火锅中拥有诸多多元文化元素。这些多元文化可分为毕昇、 老舍、莎士比亚、爱因斯坦等国内外名人，佛、道、儒、仁、礼、启蒙、人本、后现代、解 构等哲学概念，以及京剧、功夫、天鹅湖等表演艺术。文字说明显示：“文化‘火锅’，既美 味又营养。”
画家的目的是告诉我们文化融合并未过时或失去价值，相反还应鼓励和保持。一方面， 多元文化作为全体人类遗产的一部分，是将不同人群和社会群体融合的有力方式。因此，文 化融合作为促进文化发展和保护的一种方式，已经不可或缺。另一方面，中国跟世界上其他 快速发展的国家一样，年久的习俗和传统面临着消失在现代化阴影里的危险。如果京剧、功 夫或天鹅湖从地球上消失，那将是不可估量的悲剧。
在我看来，如果人们能为多元文化花费时间的话，那么它就能得以保护。这对确保社会 将来的繁荣和发展都至关重要。由于成功的商业努力、政府坚定不移的支持和不断增长的海 外兴趣，文化融合的将来会比过去任何时候更明朗、更安全。 人生哲理 1994年真题 DIRECTIONS:
A) Title: On Making Friends
B) Time limit: 40 minutes
C) Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence)
D) Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the
given opening sentence:“As a human being, one can hardly do without a friend.” E) Your composition must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. OUTLINE:
1. The need for friends
2. True friendship
3. My principle in making friends
As a human, one can hardly do without a friend. Friends are the people one can consult, share happiness with and exchange opinions with. Do you remember one of the most severe punishment people fear—isolation and being cutting off from their friends Friendship constitutes a vital part of people’s life.
What is true friendship In the first place, a friend in need is a friend indeed. Friends will offer you sincere help even at the cost of their own interest. In the second place, a friend is able to share happiness and success without feeling jealous and he will listen to your sorrows when you talk about your problem.
On making friends, I should, first of all, learn to accept my friends for what they are. In
addition, I like to make friends with those who have something in common with me or have the merits I do not have. It is vital for me to learn to seek common ground while reserving differences.(165 words)
作为个人，没有朋友不可能生存。人们可以向朋友咨询、分享快乐并交换意见。你还 记得人们最恐惧的刑罚吗那就是与世隔绝并断绝和朋友的联系。有益组成了人生的一个重 要部分。
什么是真正的友谊首先，患难之交才是真朋友。即使自己利益受损，朋友也会提供 给你真诚的帮助。其次，朋友可以毫不嫉妒地分享你的快乐与成功，并且当你出现问题时， 会倾听你的苦痛。
至于交朋友，首先，我会学习接受朋友的本色。其次，我喜欢结交那些和我有共同之 处或具有我所没有的优点的人。我会学习求同存异。
2003 年真题 Directions:
Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay about 200 words based on the following
the set of drawings and interpret its meaning out its implications in our life.
The set of drawings above vividly depict the destiny of a flower in different circumstances. As is shown in the first cartoon, the flower is growing in full bloom in a comfortable greenhouse that shelters it from the threatening lightning and storm. On the contrary, when removed from the greenhouse and exposed to the driving rain, the flower soon fades and withers, with the petals scattered on the ground.
To begin with, the purpose of the drawings is to show us that the flower growing in the green house cannot withstand the test of the storm, yet the symbolic meanings subtly conveyed should be taken more seriously. The delicate flower is naturally associated with young people, to be specific, the only children in our current society; the greenhouse epitomizes parents’ doting care and abundant material supplies that can shield the children from the storms, or the harsh reality. Once the young people begin to seek independence and accept challenges from the real world, they are found too spoiled to be strong enough in the face of difficulties.
Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive positive implications from these thought-provoking drawings. On the one hand, we can frequently use them to enlighten the youth to be more independent in life. On the other hand, parents should be sensible enough to give their children
more freedom to deal with troubles and problems. Only by undergoing more challenges and toils in adversity can young people cultivate strong personality and ability, and only in this way can they become winners in this competitive world. (261 words)
上述这组图生动描述了一朵鲜花在不同环境中的命运。如第一幅漫画所示，这朵鲜花正 在舒适的温室里充分绽放，温室保护它免于可怕的闪电和风雨。相反，当被搬出温室并暴露 在风雨之下时，鲜花很快就凋谢枯萎了，花瓣散落一地。
首先，这些图画的目的是告诉我们温室花朵经不起风雨，然而我们应该认真对待它们 所微妙传达的象征含义。这朵娇弱的鲜花自然和我们的年轻人联系起来，具体而言，就是当 代社会的独生子女。温室是保护孩子免受风雨的父母溺爱和优越物质条件的缩影，而风雨就 是严峻的现实。一旦年轻人开始寻求独立并且接受来自现实世界的挑战，人们发现他们已经 被惯坏了，在困难面前无法足够坚强。
总之，我们很有必要从这些发人深思的图画中得出积极的含义。一方面，我们可以经常 利用它们来启发年轻人在生活中更加独立。另一方面，父母们应该充满理智给孩子们更多自 由来处理困难和问题。只有经历更多的挑战和磨练，年轻人才能培养强大的个性和能力，而 且只有这样他们才能成为这个竞争世界中的强者。
2004 年真题 Directions:
Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe the set of drawing, 2) interpret its meaning, and
3) support your view with examples.
It is vividly depicted in the cartoon that a boy is running along the racetrack with painstaking efforts, sweat pouring down his face. After a long journey, he is making the final spurt toward the finishing line, with strong determination to become a champion. It seems that he could rest for a while to enjoy the ecstasy of victory. However, straight ahead lies a sign which indicates a new “starting point” and urges him to continue rushing to the next destination.
Undoubtedly, the cartoon conveys the meaning that life is like the process of running in which one should make constant efforts and never stop making progress. Owing to the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly fierce in all walks of life, stimulating everyone to pursue one goal after another. Once a person stops making progress, he can hardly maintain his past glory and survive in this competitive world. As Deng Xiaoping, the great Chinese leader said, “Development is inarguable truth.” No matter how powerful a specific institution is, it will definitely seek new development in high speed. Generally speaking, neither a country nor a person can remain stagnant.
An illustration is closely related to us, the examinees. If we pass this test and are confronted with the challenge of conquering the difficult graduate courses, we still have to strive for success in our future academic study, employment and career. On the whole, this example effectively clarifies the saying that “destination is another starting point.” (246 words)
如图生动所示，一个小男孩正在沿着跑道跑步。他付出艰苦的努力，汗水淌下脸庞。在长 途跋涉之后，他正在向着终点进行最后冲刺，抱有成为冠军的坚定决心。看起来他可以休息 一会，享受胜利的狂喜。然而，在正前方有标志显示一个新的“起点”，激励他继续朝着下 一个目标前进。
毫无疑问，这幅漫画显示了如下含义：人生就像跑步的过程一样，人们应该不断努力， 绝不停止进步。由于生活节奏的加快，各行各业的竞争变得日益激烈，激励每个人追求一个 又一个的目标。一旦一个人停止取得进步，他很难保持过去的荣誉，在这个竞争世界中生活
下去。正如伟大的中国领导人邓小平所说： 发展才是硬道理”。无论一个具体的机构如何成
功，它肯定需要高速寻求新的发展。总而言之，无论一个国家还是个人都不能停滞不前。
一个例子与我们考生密切相关。如果我们通过了考试，就面临着征服艰巨研究生课程的 挑战。我们仍须在我们未来的学业、职业和事业上为了成功而继续奋斗。总之，这个例子清 楚证明了这一说法：“终点又是新起点”。
2007 年真题 Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) support your view with an example/examples.
As we can see from the picture, a football match is going on. On guarding the goal, the man on the left seems to be keeping a “huge one” that is easy and inevitable for a goal, while the person on the right hesitates to kick the ball with an illusion about the “huge keeper ”. It is obvious that both of them exaggerate the difficulties in front of them.
This picture does reflect a thought-provoking social phenomenon which is not uncommon in China now. The young always give up because the problem is beyond their ability to cope with. Superficially, it seems to be somewhat reasonable, but when weighing in the mind, we find there is an apparent tendency underlying this phenomenon: the lack of confidence. Firstly, it is well-known that we exist in a dynamic world with various difficulties. We can do nothing but face
them. Secondly, attitude is the key point to take the first step. Assuming bravery and confidence to solve the problem, you will find the question is not as “huge” as you imagine. Take us for example, the entrance exam for graduate students even seems to be a horrible monster before us. Some people give up, some persist. So, with confidence and the right assessment of the difficulties, try and exert our strength, and then we will overcome all problems.
On the whole, I believe we young people should face the difficulties in right manner. And nothing is impossible, just do it. (243 words)
如图所示，一场足球赛正在进行。左边的人似乎在守一个对于射门轻而易举、不可避免的 “大门”，而右边的人由于拥有关于“巨大守门员”的幻觉，踢球很犹豫。显而易见，他们 两个人都夸大了面前的困难。
这幅图画确实反映了一个目前在中国很普遍同时发人深思的社会现象。由于问题超出他 们应对的能力，年轻人总是放弃。表面上看，这幅图画似乎有一些道理，但当我们仔细思考 时，我们就会发现在这个现象之下有一个明显的趋势：缺乏自信。首先，众所周知，我们生 活在一个充满各种困难的多元化世界。我们别无选择，只能面对。其次，态度是采取第一步 的关键。拥有勇气和信心来解决问题，你就会发现问题并非你想象的那么“严重”。以我们 自己为例，研究生入学考试似乎是我们面前的一个可怕的怪物。有些人放弃了，而有些人则 坚持了下来。因此，拥有信心和对困难的正确估计，并且竭尽全力，我们就将解决所有的问 题。
总而言之，我认为我们年轻人应该以正确的方式面对困难。世上无难事，只怕有心人。
2008 年真题 Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then 3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2.
As is subtly portrayed in the drawing, two handicapped young men are heading
towards their destination with vigorous strides, leaving all their crutches behind. The hardship of disability being no longer an obstacle on their journey, they support each other with firm hands and proceed steadily. The caption indicates that they can travel north and south extensively with combined legs.
意义阐释： It is apparent that the cartoonist aims at reminding us of the importance of cooperation in our daily life. Hardly can anyone achieve success in his career without the assistance of his colleagues and partners. As competition in all lines of work grows increasingly fierce, we must defeat our rivals through powerful teamwork. Take basketball hero Yao Ming for an example, he can slam the dunk smartly because all his teammates contribute more or less to his outstanding performance. Likewise, the successful launching of Chang’e lunar probe should be attributed to the Chinese scientists’ joint efforts instead of individual accomplishment. If we work separately, we will be confined to frail minds and limited resources.
建议措施： On the basis of the analysis above, we may draw a conclusion that cooperation and teamwork really count in this competitive society. Hence, we should associate ourselves harmoniously with our companions in every attempt towards our goals. In addition, it is indispensable to train our kids frequently to interact smoothly with others in a team. As the proverb goes, unity is strength. (237 words)
正如漫画敏锐地描绘的，两个身患残疾的年轻人正在大步流星朝着他们的目的地前进， 把拐杖都抛在了身后。残疾的艰难已经不再是他们路途上的障碍，他们互相有力地扶持着稳 步前进。图画文字表明“你一条腿，我一条腿；你我一起，走南闯北”。
漫画作者显然是为了提醒我们合作在日常生活中的重要性。如果没有同事或搭档的帮助， 任何人都不可能在事业上取得成功。由于各行各业的竞争日趋激烈，我们只有通过强大的团
队才能击败对手。以篮球英雄姚明为例，他能够潇洒地扣篮，是因为他的队友或多或少成就 了他杰出的表现。同样，嫦娥一号探月卫星的成功发射要归功于中国科学家们的集体努力， 而不是个人成就。如果我们孤立地工作，必然受到局限，变得意志脆弱，享受不到多少资源。
在以上分析的基础上，我们可以得出结论：在竞争社会中，合作和团队极为重要。因此， 在实现目标所做的每次努力中，我们都要和我们的同事们默契合作。此外，经常培训我们的 下一代也是必不可少的，为了让他们适应在团队中顺利地沟通。正如谚语所说的，团结就是 力量。
2012 年真题 Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1) describe the drawing briefly. 2) explain its intended meaning, and 3) give your comments.
As is symbolically demonstrated in the cartoon, two individuals respond to the same event in completely diverse ways. The person on the left airs his dissatisfaction and disappointment when a bottle is overturned, while the man on the right is hurry to raise it up, with a sweet smile on his face. We are informed that various folks take different attitudes toward the same scene.
The aim of the portrayal is to illustrate that keeping optimistic is of utmost significance to both our society and our life. In the first place, as an extremely vital psychological quality, optimism brings us creative power to play, arouses our enthusiasm for work and helps us overcome difficulties. In other words, with pessimism, achievements can hardly be made. In the second place, keeping optimistic gives us light when we are in dark and encouragement when we are dismayed. It is optimism, rather than genius and extraordinary ability, that inspires us to cope with any arduous task. With optimism, the goal we intend can be reached, and so can the hard nut be cracked.
In conclusion, keeping optimistic encourages people to learn wisdom, humanity and self-confidence, and is a crucial and unavoidable aspect of any individual’s development of character and competence. (206 words)
如图所示，两个人对同一件事情的反应截然相反。当瓶子倒下时，左边的人表达了不满 和失望，然而右边的人却面带微笑，急着把它扶起来。我们得知不同的人对同一事物看法不 同。
这幅漫画的目的是阐明保持乐观对于我们的社会和生活都至关重要。首先，作为一种极 为重要的心理素质，乐观给我们的娱乐带来了创造力，点燃了我们对于工作的热情，帮助我 们克服困难。换而言之，如果悲观，我们很难取得任何成绩。其次，在我们身处黑暗时，乐 观带来光明；在我们沮丧灰心时，乐观赋予勇气。正是乐观，而非天才或卓越的才能，激励 我们应对任何艰难险阻。拥有乐观，我们才能实现计划中的目标，并且克服困难。
总之，保持乐观可以鼓励人们去学会获得智慧、博爱和自信，因此是个人性格和能力的 培养过程中不可缺少的重要组成部分。
社会热点
1995年真题（爱心） DIRECTIONS:
A) Title: The “Project Hope”
B) Time limit: 40 minutes
C) Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence)
D) Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the
given opening sentence:“Education plays a very important role in the modernization of our country.”
E) Your composition must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. OUTLINE:
1. Present situation
2. Necessity of the project 3. My suggestion
Education plays a very important role in the modernization of our country. Yet according to recent statistics, there are over 2 million school-age children who have dropped out of school in poverty-stricken areas of the countryside. It is in this particular situation that the authorities carry out the “Project Hope”.
The project is necessary to the children in poor remote areas of our country. To begin with, poor children in backward and underdeveloped areas are likely to become drop-outs either because they cannot afford the tuition or because there is not any money to set up a school at all. Moreover, China is not likely to invest a huge amount of money in education to aid them since it is a developing country.
My suggestion is that people from all walks of life, with what efforts they can, donate money or books to poor children. More importantly, only by laying greater emphasis on the significance of establishing a better funded public education system can we guarantee the realization of the hopes of all the children in China. (177 words)
教育在我国现代化进程中发挥着重要作用。然而根据最新统计，在农村的贫困地区有 两百万学龄儿童已经辍学。正是在此情况下政府实施了希望工程计划。
这项工程对于我国贫困偏远山区的儿童很有意义。首先，或是由于无法承担学费，或 是由于根本没有资金建立一所学校，落后和不发达地区的贫苦儿童极易辍学。此外，由于中 国是一个发展中国家，不可能在教育方面投入巨资。
我的建议是各行各业的人们都应尽其所能向贫困儿童捐献资金或书籍。更重要的是， 只有更加重视建立一个有更多资助的公共教育体系，我们才能确保实现中国所有孩子们的希 望。
2001 年真题(爱心) Directions:
Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone has his or her own understanding of it.
There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper to
1) Show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the pictures below. 2) Give a specific example, and
3) Give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.
When we use the word “love”, we do not simply mean an attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow definition of the word. The picture below illustrates the real meaning of love, by stressing the fact that love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes. As a matter of fact, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the most sublime of human emotions.
As an illustration of the power of love, we should remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of the deadly earthquake in Sichuan Province in 2008. Although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can——be it money or goods——to help their needy fellow citizens. Furthermore, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves.
It is my view that the best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are. We should always be ready to give a helping hand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members or complete strangers. Only by doing so can we help to make the world a better place, for, as the picture shows, the darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines. (243 words)
当我们用到“爱”这个词时，我们不仅仅指对异性的吸引，这是对这个词非常狭隘的 解释。下面的图画注解了爱的真正含义，它强调了爱心是情感的力量，不论我们周围的世界 多么黑暗，爱心都能支撑我们。事实上，历史上处于不同文化中的人们都把爱当作人类最高
尚的情感。
举一个例子证明爱心的力量，我们应该记得 2008 年中国各族人民如何响应号召去支援 四川地震中的受难者。尽管他们的收入按照国际标准衡量还是处于低水平，但是全国人民毫 不犹豫地尽他们所能捐献——不管是钱，还是物品——去帮助那些受难的同胞们。并且，他 们这么做不考虑自己的得失。
我认为，表示爱心的最好方式是帮助比我们更加不幸的人。我们应该随时准备向有困 难的人伸出援助之手，无论他们是家庭成员还是素昧平生。这样，我们能够助一臂之力把世 界变成一个更美好的地方，因为，正如图画所描绘的，悲伤的阴影越黑暗，爱心之灯的光芒 就越闪亮。
1996 年真题（健康） DIRECTIONS:
A) Title: Good Health B) Time limit: 40 minutes
C) Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence)
D) Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the given
opening sentence:“The desire for good health is universal.” E) Your composition must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. OUTLINE:
1. Importance of good health 2. Ways to keep fit 3. My own practices
The desire for health is universal. With the quickening pace of urban life and ever-increasing pressure, people in growing numbers are suffering either physical or mental problems. It is generally believed that good health is the key to a happy life and a successful career.
There are numerous ways of keeping fit. First and foremost, it is most effective to do physical exercises. People respectively choose jogging, playing basketball, swimming, skating, climbing or riding as their regular exercises because exercises never fail to make us stronger and more energetic. Moreover, we should put great emphasis on forming good habits. A balanced diet and sufficient sleep are both indispensable to physical fitness. What’s more, mental health should also be taken seriously. Especially in adversity, we need to maintain an optimistic mentality to pull through life’s pain and sorrow, twists and turns. As far as I am concerned, I have a peculiar interest in yoga exercise. An hour’s exercise everyday usually makes me feel healthier and more vigorous. Besides, I never touch any cigarette or wine, neither do I stay up late. Instead, I keep balanced diet and go to bed before 11 o’clock at night, because I believe burning the midnight oil is harmful to health. More importantly, an optimistic attitude toward life makes me confident and persistent. To sum up, all these practices guarantee a fit health and a happy life.
对于健康的渴望很普遍。随着都市生活节奏的加快和压力的不断增加，越来越多的人开 始拥有生理或心理问题。普遍公认健康是生活幸福和事业成功的关键。
保持健康的方式有很多种。首先，进行体育锻炼最为有效。人们分别选择慢跑、打篮球、游 泳、滑冰、爬山或汽车作为日常锻炼，这是因为这些运动总是使我们更强壮和精力充沛。此 外，我们应该重视养成良好习惯。均衡饮食和足够睡眠对于生理健康都是不可或缺的。另外， 心理健康也应被认真对待。尤其在逆境中，我们需要保持一种乐观的心态来经历人生的痛苦 悲伤、迂回曲折。
就我而言，我对瑜伽有特殊的兴趣。每天一小时的锻炼经常使我感到更健康而且更有活 力。此外，我从不吸烟喝酒，也不熬夜。相反，我保持均衡饮食，而且晚上 11 点之前上床 睡觉，因为我相信熬夜对健康有害。更为重要的是，对生活乐观的态度使我充满自信而且坚 持不懈。简而言之，所有这些锻炼保证了良好的健康和快乐的生活。
1997 年真题（健康）
DIRECTIONS:
A. Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120 words. B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.
C. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below: 1. Interpret the following pictures.
2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give your reasons.
As is shown in the bar chart, the total production of tobacco in the world shrank from billion pounds in 1994 to billion pounds in 1995. According to the figures given in the pie chart, tobacco consumers account for 20% of the world population. This causes great harm to us. Financially, it results in a yearly loss of 200 billion US dollars spent on cigarette. Physically, about 3 million people on the globe die from smoking-related diseases every year.
Faced with such a threat, people from all walks of life have tried various measures for a total tobacco ban. For one thing, health experts try hard to warn the public of the dangers involved. For another, the authorities have passed laws to limit tobacco production and consumption, raised tobacco taxes and prohibited smoking in public places. More importantly, the public launch campaigns to cut smoking.
On the basis of the analyses above, we can predict the future tendency confidently. With
the further growth in economy and more changes in life style, the tendency of tobacco consumption indicated in the table will definitely decrease in the years to come. (190 words)
如柱状图所示，世界烟草总产量从 1994 年的 亿磅减少到了 1995 年的 142 亿磅。 根据饼状图，吸烟人口占世界人口的 20%。这给我们带来了严重的危害。经济上，每年由于 吸烟损失 2000 亿美元。身体上，每年全球大约 300 万人死于吸烟相关的疾病。
面对这种威胁，各行各业的人已经竭尽所能来全面禁烟。一方面，健康专家试图警告公 众与吸烟相关的危害。另一方面，政府立法限制烟草的生产和消费，提高烟税，并且禁止在 公共场所吸烟。更为重要的是，公众开展了禁烟运动。
在上述分析的基础上，我们可以充满信心地预测未来的趋势。随着经济的不断发展和生 活方式的进一步改变，图表中所示的烟草消费趋势将来肯定会下降。
1998 年真题（职业道德） Directions:
A. Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words. B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II.
C. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
2．Give your comments.
1．Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.
The past several years have witnessed a phenomenon that a variety of promises have been arising from all walks of life. Regretfully, quite a lot of promises are sheer nonsense, just as the hen in the given cartoon commits herself to lay eggs which are round without any angles and corners and have shells, egg whites and yolks.
Odd and funny as they sound, such false promises can be seen and heard everywhere in our country. Administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes; manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality; commercial enterprises swear to provide genuine commodities and polite and enthusiastic services. Can you find anything new and substantial other than their obligations, duties and jobs in these so called promises I guess your answer will be negative. As a matter of fact, their intention to make such commitments is nothing but to put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.
I dare say that our society is suffering corruption and cheat which are causing damage to society both materially and morally. But the hen and her like should know that by dishonest words no one can survive the intense competition under market economy system. They should
remember the old saying, “Honesty is the best policy”. (219 words)
过去几年发生了一个现象：各行各业开始出现了各种各样的承诺。遗憾的是，相当多 的承诺纯粹只是空话，正如漫画中的这只母鸡一样，承诺下蛋不见棱见角，并保证有蛋皮、 蛋清、蛋黄。
尽管这些承诺听起来奇怪有趣，但在全国各地都可以看到听到这样的虚假承诺。管理 部门保证不接受任何贿赂，公正有效地履行指责；生产厂家保证生产高质量产品；商业企业 发誓提供真货和礼貌热情的服务。在这些所谓的承诺中，除了他们的义务、责任和工作之外， 你还能发现任何新的和实质性的东西吗我想你的答案将是否定的。事实上，他们做这种承 诺的目的只是披上华丽的外衣以便取悦并欺骗公众。
我认为这个社会正在受到腐败和欺骗的影响，这在物质和道德上都在对社会造成了伤害。 但这只母鸡及其同类应该知道：在市场经济体系的激烈竞争中，没人能通过欺诈的言语而生 存下去。他们应该牢记这条谚语：“诚实为上策”。
2005 年真题 Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.
This picture reveals a not-uncommon phenomenon of how elders are treated by their grown-up children in some of the families in China. When they are too old to take care of themselves, the elders become burdens to be kicked around by their sons and daughters like a football, a pitiful and unjust sight that will arouse indignation among many Chinese.
As a nation renowned in the world for many of its virtues, the Chinese people have been practicing filial piety throughout history. Many much-told stories reiterate this time-honored virtue of loving and respecting the elders, like the story of Tiying in the West Han Dynasty who risked her life in order to save her wronged father from corporal punishment. Those who try every means to avoid their duties of looking after their elders should bear in mind that they are much indebted to their parents for their birth and growth. Without the loving care and unrelenting work of their parents, how could they have grown up healthily and successfully How could it be possible for them to go about without the pricks of conscience
Every one of us should live up to the virtues passed down to us by our ancestors. Only in this way can we be worthy of the name of a Chinese. (215 words)
这幅图画反映了一些中国家庭中普遍存在的现象——子女成年后如何对待他们的父母。当 父母年龄太大，不能照顾自己的时候，他们就成了负担，被自己的子女们像足球一样踢来踢 去。这是一种不公正的可鄙现象，引起了很多中国人的愤慨。
作为一个以很多美德闻名于世的民族，中国人民自古以来一直奉行孝道。许多广为传颂 的故事反复强调了这种历史悠久的爱老敬老的传统，如西汉时缇萦舍身营救蒙冤的父亲免于 肉刑的故事。那些千方百计逃避照顾双亲的责任的子女们应该牢记，他们在出生和成长的过 程中亏欠父母太多了。没有父母关怀备至的照料和不懈的工作，他们怎能健康成长并且取得 成功他们怎能虐待父母而不受到良心的谴责
我们每个人都应该遵守从祖先那里传承下来的美德。只有这样我们才能无愧为中国人。
环境
年真题 Directions:
Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
1) effect of the country’s growing population on its wildlife, 2) possible reason for the effect, 3) Your suggestion for wildlife protection
Currently, there is a widespread concern regarding the previously neglected connection between growing human population and decreasing wild species. As the two graphs obviously portrayed, American population in 1980 was 250 times than that in 1800, a trend accompanied by the extinction of nearly 70 kinds of wildlife in the past 300 years. A clear correlation is suggested that mankind has exerted a tremendously negative influence on natural resources.
There are a great many causes responsible for the aforementioned tendency. To begin with, to satisfy the space demand for booming population, the only available solution for Americans is to take occupation of forests and grasslands that used to be the habitat of wild animals and plants. In addition, the process of industrialization and urbanization has generated severe pollution that essentially destroys environment and ecosystem.
In my point of view, the dearth of wild species today forecasts an unpromising future for humans tomorrow. In order to eliminate species extinction, relevant laws and regulations must be established and enforced to maintain a large portion of unspoiled areas. Drastic measures should also be applied to ensure that the impact of pollution be removed. (190 words)
近年来人们开始普遍关注以前被忽略的人口增长和自然物种减少之间的关系。正如两 幅图表显示，1980 年的美国人口是 1900 年的 250 倍，同时在过去的 300 年间大约有 70 种 野生生物在美国灭绝。这清楚表明人类给自然物种带来了巨大的负面影响。
以上趋势是由诸多原因造成的。首先为了满足迅速增长的人口对于空间的需求，对于 美国人来说唯一有效的解决办法就是占据森林和草原，而这些地方曾是野生动植物的栖息地。 此外，工业化和城市化的进程造成了严重的污染，在根本上摧毁了环境和生态系统。
我认为，今天野生动物种类的灭绝和数量的减少预示着将来人类并不明朗的前景。为了 减少物种灭绝，我们应该制定并执行相关的法律法规来保留大部分的原始生态区。同时，我 们也应该采取有效的措施来确保消除污染的影响。 年真题 Directions:
A. Study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay in at least 150words. B. Your essay must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET2. C. Your essay should meet the requirements below:
1. Describe the pictures.
2. Deduce the purpose of the painter of the pictures. 3. Suggest counter measures.
As is shown in the pictures, we can see clearly that with the increase of commercial fishing, the number of fishes sharply decreased. In one picture, there were various kinds of fish and only one fishing-boat in 1900. On the contrary, in 1995 there was only one fish, but many fishing-boats.
The purpose of this picture is to show us that due attention has to be paid to the decrease of ocean resources. Owing to over-fishing, the number of fishes has obviously decreased. If we let this situation go as it is, we won't know where fish is in the future. By that time, our environment will suffer a great destruction.
Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures. For one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control commercial fishing. For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that the ocean resources are very vital to us. Only in this way can we protect our ocean resources. Also, I believe that we human beings can overcome this difficulty, and we will have a bright future. (184 words)
如图所示，我们可以看出随着商业捕鱼的增加，鱼的数量明显下降。在一幅图中，1900 年有很多种鱼，只有一艘捕鱼船。相反，在 1995 年，只有一条鱼，但是渔船很多。
这些图画的目的是告诉我们应该充分重视海洋资源的减少。由于过渡捕捞，鱼的数量 明显下降。如果我们让这种情况听之任之，我们不知道鱼的未来在哪。到那个时候，我们的 环境将遭受巨大的破坏。
因此，我们很有必要采取严厉措施。一方面，我们应该呼吁政府制定严格的法律控制商
业捕鱼。另一方面，我们应该提高人们的意识：海洋资源对我们非常重要。只有这样才能保 护我们的海洋资源。同时，我认为我们人类能够克服这个困难，并将拥有美好的未来。
2011 年真题 Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1) describe the drawing briefly, 2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) give your comments. 旅程之“余”
As is subtly portrayed in the cartoon, two tourists are taking sightseeing on a small boat while discarding their picnic leftovers casually into a lake. Unfortunately, the lake is already littered and teamed with flowing rubbish like plastic containers, fish-bones, banana
peel, watermelon rind, bottles, tins, food wrappings, and so on. And below the drawing, there is a topic which says: \"after\" the travel or \"me\" in the travel.
From the portrayal, we can conclude that the painter wants to convey such a message: a good many scenic spots are flooded with visitors, who spoil the beauty of nature by creating and leaving behind God-knows-how-much trash. On the one hand, tourism, as a multibillion-dollar business, is booming everywhere. Some people, laboring under the belief that tourism serves as an engine of economic growth, seem to ignore its negative effects on the environment. Nevertheless, these are not concerns that we can shrug off lightly. On the other hand, tourism has exerted great pressure on the environment we are living in: water is polluted, the ecological system is disturbed, and natural resources have been excessively used.
Undoubtedly, tourism could not be banned in any country as it does help to shore up the economy in places which offer few sources of income. The significant point is that the unchecked growth of the travel business may render the development of an economy
unsustainable. It is high time that we enhanced people's awareness to rectify this by taking the environmental protection into consideration.（249 words）
如图所示，两名游客正在一艘小船上观光，同时把野餐的剩余垃圾随意丢入湖中。不幸 的是，湖中已经堆满了漂浮的塑料盒、鱼骨、香蕉皮、西瓜皮、瓶子、罐头、食品包装等各 色垃圾。在图画下方，有个小标题写明：“旅程之?余?”。
从漫画中，我们可以得出结论，画家想要表达下述信息：成群的游客涌入很多景点，制 造并丢弃了大量的垃圾，影响了大自然的美观。一方面，旅游业作为一项数十亿美元的产业， 正在世界各地迅猛发展。有些人认为旅游业是经济发展的引擎，似乎忽视了其对环境的负面 影响。然而，我们必须充分关注这一问题。另一方面，旅游业已经对我们生存的环境造成了 巨大的压力：水受到污染，生态平衡遭到破坏，自然资源被过度开发。
毫无疑问，由于在其他收入很少的地区，旅游业确实有助于发展经济，因此任何国家都 无法禁止旅游业。但重要的是旅游业毫无节制的发展可能使得经济发展不可持续。通过考虑 环境保护因素，我们早就该提高人们的意识来改进这个现状了。
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容