主谓一致教案

主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 一、语法一致的原则

1. 以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数; 主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如： 【典型例题】Mike a driver. He drives a taxi around the city every day.A. be B. am C. is D. are 2. 由and或both„„and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

例如： 【典型例题】Tom and I middle school students.A. is B. am C. are D. was 注：但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：

3. 由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： 4. 主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如：

5. 一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如： 6. 由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。例如：

7. 由两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Where are my shoes? I can’t find . 我的鞋在哪？我找不到。

如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如： 注意：a number of the number of

【典型例题】Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.

A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers 二、意义一致的原则

意义一致的原则指主语形式上为单数，但意义上为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。

主语原则 表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时 有些集合名词，如family，team等作主语时 由不定代词all，most，more，some，any，none作主语时 作为一个整体看待 指其中每个成员 代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词。 代词代表复数可数名词。 主语表示单数意义。 主语表示复数意义。 主语表示单数意义。 谓语动词 通常用单数。Twenty years is not a long time. 用单数。My family is a big one. 用复数。My family are watching TV. 用单数。All of the work has been finished. 用复数。All of the people have gone. 用单数。Who is your brother？ 用复数。Who are League members？ 用单数。I have read a large part of the book，the rest is more difficult. 用复数。Only ten students attended the class because all the rest were off sick. 用单数。The dead is a famous person. 用复数。The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad. 疑问代词作主语时 half，the rest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时 主语表示复数意义。 指的是一个人或抽象概念。 指的是一类人。 以“定冠词+形容词（或分词）”作主语时 【典型例题】How time flies! Ten years ________ passed. A. have B. has C. is D. are 三、就近一致的原则

就近一致的原则是指谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。

主语 谓语 例句 Either you or I am right. Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it. There are two apples and one egg in it. There is one egg and two apples in it. Here is a letter and some books for you. 由连词or，either„ or，neither„ nor，not only„ but also等连接与最 靠近 的并列主语 它的 主语 在“There be”句型中 一致 以here开头的句子中 【典型例题】Neither my father _____ going to see the patient. A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is 【典型例题】Not only his parents but also his brother ________ to the Summer Palace. They haven’t been back.

A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone

【专题训练】 第一组：

1. Jenny a nurse. She works in a hospital. A. be B. am C. is D. are 2. —Have you got some water to drink?

—Here you are. There still some in the bottle. A. are B. were C. is D. was 3. —How many children in the picture? —Three. A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there

4. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A covered by forests. A. were B. has been C. / D. was 5. Most of our earth covered by water. A. are B. is C. was D. were 6. Sunday the first day of the week. A. is B. are C. am D. be 7. The population of the world still now.

A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown

8. There many people running in the park every morning. A. is B. were C. are D. have 9. These police often_ the children across the street. A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helping 10. The whole family enjoying the beautiful music now. A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all 11. Either you or he right. A. are B. is C. does D. were

12. Neither Mary nor her brother good at singing. A. is B. are C. is not D. are not 13. Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary busy. A. is B. was C. are D. has 14. The news____ exciting. We got excited at it. A. is B. was C. were D. are 15. Though mathematics hard, we all work at it hard. A. are B. were C. was D. is 16 —Can you make it cheaper？

—Ten dollars too dear. A. are B. is C. be D. am

17. There a lot of orange juice in the bottle. Would you like some?A. is B. are C. am D. be 18. Each of the teachers a computer at school. A. have B. is C. are D. has

19. Every student except Lucy and Lily here when we got here yesterday. A. was B. is C. are D. were 20. There some people taking a walk in the park. A. be B. are C. is D. being 21. It four kilometers away from my home to school. A. am B. be C. is D. are 22.—Which would you like, tea or coffee?

—Either OK. But I prefer coffee milk.

A. is; has B. are; with C. is; with D. are; has