超疏水油水分离材料研究进展
2021-06-26
来源:小奈知识网
2015年11月 化学 研究 561 第26卷第6期 CHEMICAL RESEARCH http://hxya.cbpt.cnki.net 超疏水油水分离材料研究进展 刘山虎 ,许庆峰 ,邢瑞敏H,中田一弥 (1.河南大学化学化3-学院,河南开封475004; 2.东京理科大学光触媒国际研究中心,千叶县野田市2641) 摘要:近年来,石油泄漏和有机污染物排放对环境和生态系统造成了严重甚至不可挽回的损害,油水分离已 成为一个全球性的挑战,如何处理油水混合物并将其有效分离已成为目前亟待解决的问题.许多仿生超疏水材 料已被用于选择性油水分离研究,显示出诱人的应用前景.本文作者简要介绍了自然界超疏水现象以及固体表 面浸润性理论,分析了材料的疏水亲油原理,重点介绍了近年来超疏水油水分离材料的研究应用进展,并对本领 域的研究趋势进行了展望. 关键词:超疏水;超亲油;油水分离;浸润性 中圈分类号:O647.3 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1008—1011(2015)06—0561—09 Research progress of superhydr0ph0bic materials for oil・。water separation LIU Shanhu ・“,XU Qingfeng ,XING Ruiminh,NAKATA,Kazuya。 (1.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Henan University,Kaifeng,475004,Henan,China 2.Photocatalysis International Research Center,Research Institute for Science&Technology, Tokyo University of Science,Yamazaki 2641,Noda,Japan) Abstract:In recent years,oil spillages and indiscriminate discharge of organic pollutants have caused serious and irrecoverable damages to environment and ecosystems;and oil/water sepa- ration has become a worldwide challenge.How to deal with the above mixtures effectively and recover oils from water has become an urgent problem.Various superhydr0phobic materials have been fabricated for the selective oil/water separation,showing the great potential in the practical applications.In this paper,superhydrophobic phenomena in nature,theories of the wettability of solid surface and the basic principles of superhydrophobic materials were intro— duced.The application of superhydrophobic materials in oil-water separation was reviewed in details.Then the research trend of this field is prospected. Keywords:superhydrophobic;supero1e0philic;oil-water separation;wettability 随着工业和海洋石油开采的迅速发展,海上溢 给人类生存环境带来极大危害[1 ].如何有效地从 水中收集和清除油类及有机污染物已经成为世界级 的挑战,并引起广泛的关注.传统的除油方法包括 围栏吸油法、受控燃烧法[6]、化学分散法 ]、固化 油事故频发.海上泄油事故会导致大量原油覆盖一 片海域,从而对环境造成深远的影响;同时,日常用 油随意的排放也使内陆近海水面油污染日趋严重, 收稿日期:2015—06—07. 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(2l101056,21105021),河南大学优秀 青年人才培育基金. 作者简介:刘山虎(1977一),男,东京理科大学客座准教授,研究方向 为功能材料制备与环境应用. 通讯联系人,E-mail:li— ushanhu@1 63.com. 法[4]、生物氧化法和浮选法[8 等.与传统方法相比, 使用吸附材料进行油水分离被认为是一种简单可行 的方法Lg .迄今为止,沸石、活性炭、植物/碳素纤 维等吸附材料[】 ]被用作油吸附材料,但是这些材 料在吸油的同时还吸水,大大降低了油水分离效率, 同时其还存在环境二次污染、循环利用率、价格高等 DOI:10.14002/j.hxya.2015.06.002I化学研究。2015,26(6):561—569 第6期 刘山虎等:超疏水油水分离材料研究进展 567 [6]BUIST I,POTTER S,NEDwED T,et a1.Herding surfactants to contract and thicken oil spills in pack ice [19]YOON M,KIM Y,CHO J.Multifunctional colloids with optical,magnetic,and superhydrophobic properties erived from nucleophilic substitution-induced layer-by- for in situ burning[J].Cold Regions Science and Tech— nology,2011,67(1/2):3—23. layer assembly in organic media[J].ACS Nano,201 1, 5(7):5417—5426. 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