★ 高频形容词：
贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding
积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental = baneful =undesirable 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome
惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigourous =animated 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent = pervasive ★ 高频动词：
提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 引起：cause = trigger = endanger
解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture
激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 认为： think = assert = hold = claim = argue 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold
有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten ★ 高频名词：
影响：influence= impact
危险：danger = perils =hazards 污染：pollution = contamination
人类：human beings= mankind = humane race
老人： old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being
老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers
教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue 责任： responsibility = obligation = duty = liability 能力： ability = capacity = power = skill
职业： job = career = employment = profession
娱乐： enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment 孩子： children = offspring = descendant = kid
★ 高频短语：
充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for
从事： embark on = take up = set about = go in for
在当代: in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of 一些： a few=a handful of=a fistful of=several=a couple of
越来越：be increasingly + adj, be on the rise, the growing number of，an increasing number of越来越多的…
人们认为：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that
许多问题：a host of/a multitude of problems
引起人们注意：claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth
意识到：there is a growing awareness/realization of/that, awaken sb To the fact/danger 适应新的形势/变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate oneself to new environment/change 接触各种思想、经历：be exposed to new ideas/experience/problems 接触社会：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society 获得成功：achieve/accomplish success
提出观点、建议：advance/put forward/come up with arguments/ideas/suggestions 作出努力：make tremendous/persistent/sustained effort to do sth, take great pains to do 影响学习、工作：interfere with studies/work
产生影响：have/exert a profound influence on …, have a dramatic/undesirable effect on 较好地驾驭生活：be a better pilot of one’s life
剥夺机会/权利：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity 采取旧的方式：substitute for/take the place of the old way
采取措施：take effective steps/measures to
控制我们的环境：take/gain increasing control over our environment 躲避危险/挑战：shy/run away from the danger/challenge 满足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of 补偿损失：compensate for/make up for the loss/damage 解释某现象：account for/explain the phenomenon
对……很好的了解：have a better understanding/appreciation of, have a new perspective on, provide/gain an insight into
把某因素考虑进去：take sth Into account(consideration), givr much thought to 品味人生、自由、青春：savor the life/freedom/youth
培养对……的信心：develop/foster one’s interest/confidence in
经历变化、困难、艰险：undergo/experience great change/hardships/experience 表现出自信心等：project one’s confidence/feeling/image 生活充满不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice 追求学习职业：pursue one’s academic interest/professional career 学习知识、技术：pursue/ acquire knowledge/technology/skill 被看作学习的……榜样：be held up as an good example
交流经验、知识：share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge 发挥、起到重要作用：play an (important/active/great) role/part 逃学、缺课：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture 知识、经验丰富：rich in knowledge/experience 确立、追求目标：set/pursue a goal/higher standard
达到目标：achieve/accomplish/attain the goal/aim/objective
克服困难：overcome obstacles/difficulty
面临危险、困难：be confronted (faced) with/in the face of danger/difficulty
阻碍了成功：stand in the way of success, be an obstacle/barrier to success/growth 阻碍了发展：hamper/impede/stunt the development of 持传统的看法：hold conventional wisdom 发表看法：voice/express one’s opinion
持相反/合理的观点：take the opposite/fresh view 揭穿某种一贯的说法：shatter the myth of 求得帮助：enlist one’s support/help
缩小差别：bridge/narrow/fill the gap/gulf(between city and country) 把成功/错误归咎于：attribute/owe the success/failure to 对……很重要：be indispensable Important/vital to 施加压力：put/exert a academic pressure on
重视：assign/attach much importance/significance to
强调：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on
把注意力集中在：focus/concentrate one’s attention/efforts/thoughts upon 提供机会、信息：provide/offer/furnish an opportunity/information for sb 抓住机会：grab/seize/take the opportunity
得到机会：enjoy/gain access to a opportunity/information
有可能：there is (little/much) possibility/likelihood that, chances/the odds are that 展开竞争：complete against/with sb for the prize/position/control/the mastery of 开
展
运
动
：
conduct
(carry
on/undertake/initiate/launch/wage)
a
(vigorous/nation-wide/publicity/advertising) campaign (for/against) 对我很有/没有什么意义：make much/little sense to me
带来无穷的幸福，满足：be a source of happiness satisfaction/contentment/pride/complaint 献身于：devote/dedicate oneself to a cause/career 大不一样（没啥两样）：make much (little/no) difference
真正重要的是：what really matters/counts is 改变生活旅程：change/alter the course of life
建立在大量的学习，实践上：built on tremendous amount of study/practice 进行调查，执行任务：conduct/carry out an study/task/experiment 辞去工作/学习：leave/quit one’s job/work/school
参加考试竞争等：enter (for) the examination/contest, race
参加活动、讨论：take part/participate/be engaged in sports/activities/discussion
影响思想、态度、事件的形成：shape one’s thinking/attitude
进入大学、社会、家庭、劳力市场、职业：enter a school/college/society/the work force/professionals
实现自己的理想/愿望：realize/fulfill/achieve one’s dream (hopes/wish/desire) 减轻压力、紧张：reduce/alleviate/relieve the stress/pressure/tension
提高社会地位：enhance/improve/upgrade social status/position/standing rise to the position of leadership
提高技术、能力：sharpen(increasing/improve/enhance/boost) one’s skill/ability 加快、促进发展：accelerate/facilitate/advance/enhance/boost/the development of 随着生活节奏的加快：with the quickening pace/rhythm/tempo of modern life/society
开阔眼界、兴趣：broaden one’s interest/outlook, expand(broaden/enlarge) one’s mental horizons 有助于了解、发展、宣传、解决：contribute much/little/greatly to a better understanding of/the popularity of/the growth of/solving the problem
有助于解决问题：go a long way to(towards) solving the problem 迷恋名利、分数：be obsessed/preoccupied with grades/fame/fortune
把时间花费、浪费在：spend/waste time doing sth, put in hours’ doing sth
利用机会、技术：make (full/better) use of/take advantage of opportunity/time, tap/harness technology potential/skills/talent
把知识、经验运用到……：apply/put the theory/knowledge/experience… to practice/daily life/good use
取得进步：make much progress/strides/gains in
充分发挥潜力、能力：develop one’s ability/potential to the full, give full play to one’s ability 充满激情、渴望：have a burning desire/a great passion for 好学校：a great high school, a good independent school
高级课程：a special program of studies, an advanced program of studies
好学生：outstanding students, boys and girls of high ability, superior students
成绩优秀学生：high-achieving students, The students at the top of the class, A students 大多数美国人：most Americans ，The majority of Americans
积累财富：make money and possess luxuries，amass wealth and possessions 想象：imagine, visualize
缺点：faults, defects, the weakness 问题：problems, question, troubles
经济拮据：financial cares, financial pressures 许多：many, Large numbers of, enormous， 人：people, individuals
失业：unemployment, jobless
高级经理：senior executive, top-level managers 公司企业：companies, enterprises, ventures 能力：capacity, skill, ability 影响：affect, touch
把我们带到：lead us, take us
引起：arising from, brought about
天生：be born with, be endowed with
特别的：something special, something super-normal
永不屈服的精神：A never surrender attitude, an unrelenting drive to succeed 伟人：become great, an uncompromising personality, great achiev 迷住了：became fascinated with, became obsessed with
思考研究：thinking about, working out
受特别保护：entitled to special consideration, grant them special protection, protected by special immunity
无助：helplessness, defenseless, have put their lives in our hands 无辜：innocence, blameless, threatened or offended no one 举例：example of,
直觉：intuition, illustration of this six sense
损害：have a bad effect on, do great injury to, cause great damage to 冲进：plunge, rush 回报：payoff, rewards 检查：checking, review 新的：new, changed, altered 灌输：instill, imbue
孩子：children, offspring
问题：question, matter, problem
没有一刻联系不上：never…temporarily unavailable, instantly accessible at all times 每个人：even to strangers, to everyone
灌输思想：imbue sb with the notion, inculcates in sb the notion 虽然，但：Sure…but, While it is true that…, it’s equally true that
了解：have a perspective on, are better for our understanding of, see the connections between things
看的更远：beyond the confines of our occupation, far removed from our own, see beyond our immediate needs
不知道：ignorance, no one knows, Little is know about 使：make, render
学习：learn adequate, acquire good
外国教师：The foreign research scholar, the visiting professor, the foreign professor, the newcomer, foreign faculty
利用：take full advantage of, make use of 需要：is required, is called for
期望：the teacher’s expectations, the teacher knew he could do 不辜负：to measure up to, to live up to 没有：a lack of, an absence of 话音：tone, voice
传递：to communicate, be transmitted 收到：pick up, absorb 信息：signals, messages
积极反应：reacted positively, performed accordingly
语言上优于：women perform better in all aspects of language usage; girls score higher than boys in reading and writing; Verbal superiority
超过：excel at, are more adept at, outperform men, women outdo men 许多：a large portion of, a bounteous source of, many 提供：provide, furnishes
热起来：boomed, exploded in popularity 发泄：ventilating,outbursts of rage 策略：strategies, technique
提供：provide, furnish the necessary resources 常用话题词及短语
教育： engineer of the human souls 人类灵魂的工程师 teaching methodology教学方法 experimental 试验型
adventurous 勇于尝试
responsible and conscientious (本意: 对得起良心的)工作态度认真负责的 loving and caring 爱心 patient 耐心
cultivate and inspire originality and creativity in students 培养, 激励学生的原创精神和创造力 impact 对生活的影响 respect students 尊重学生人格 value价值观 moral道德观
world perspective 世界观 unconditional support 无条件支持 familiarity 熟悉
comfy and cozy 舒适, 温馨
stand by me在我身边给我鼓励和支持 lack of understanding 不理解
naggy 唠叨 nag at somebody generation gap 代沟
four generations living under one roof 四世同堂 no privacy 没有隐私
no peace and quiet 不得安宁
over-availability of parents 爸妈无处不在 absence of parents 爸妈从来不在 criticism 批评孩子
parenting tradition and style 家教传统和风格 bossy 好管事的
disciplinarian 纪律严明
对于孩子方法简单粗暴的家长
enforce curfew 宵禁(必须回家的时间) You’re grounded 不许出门
My way or the highway 要么听我的,要么滚出去 Breadwinner 养家的人 Cook 做饭
common activity 共同事情 family dinner 家里聚会吃饭 road trip 开车出行 discussion of life 谈生活 不同风格家庭表达方式 nuclear family 小家 extended family 大家 bi-racial family 国际家庭
close-knit family 家庭关系紧密,观念强,常联系的家庭 dysfunctional family 家庭功能不健全,问题多多家庭 好家长的特点
fashion sense/ fashionable/ trendy 时尚 生活方式新 Hands-off 放手 Trusting 信任孩子 Reserved 有所保留
Role model 行为榜样,模范 A good communicator 善于沟通 sense of humor 幽默感 contribution 贡献 selflessness 无私
make a difference 促成变化,促成改变 scope of knowledge知识面 spread knowledge传播知识
lasting artistic works永恒的艺术作品 abstruse深奥的
break with old customs抛弃传统
carry down from generation to generation代代相传 advocate the new lifestyle倡导新的生活方式 entertainment娱乐
be different from …与…不同 direct experience直接经验 echo共识
satiate people’s psychological demands满足心理需求 attach more importance to …更重视… spiritual enhancement精神升华 a mirror of …是…的一面镜子 determinant决定性因素 eclipse使…相形见绌
contribute to …有助于…
a sense of cool and satisfaction一种惬意的感觉 pastimes消遣方式
nurture imagination培养想象力 meditation沉思
an essence of immortality永恒的精髓 instructive有启发性的
edification熏陶
arouse one’s curiosity about something引发某人对某事的好奇心 enrich one’s knowledge丰富某人知识 value of knowledge知识的价值 cultural differences文化差异性
time is fleeting and art is long时光飞逝，艺术永恒
adapt oneself to the development of使自己适应…的发展 scope of knowledge知识面
narrow the gap between缩小了…的鸿沟 lighten the burden of减轻了…的负担
comprehensive knowledge广博的知识 distance education远程教育
enrich the teaching method丰富教育手段 be attractive to somebody对…具有吸引力 eye-catching极好的、极快的 eye-dazzling极好的、极快的 fascinating极好的
appealing极好的
multimedia teaching多媒体教学
solid professional working experience扎实的职业工作经验 vocational education职业教育 down-to-earth切合实际的
stress-related illness与压力有关的疾病 enjoy equal rights享有平等权利 receive education接受教育 thought-provoking引人深思的 enlightening予以人启迪的 far-reaching深远的
never-ending永不停息的 perplexing令人困惑的 overwhelming压倒一切的
the cultural diversity文化的多元性 insightful富有洞察力的,有深刻见解的 exchange experience交流经验
undertake the due obligations承担责任
offer a chance of education提供一种教育机会
give a big push to the development of education给予教育极大的推动 vocational guidance职业指导 vocational training职业训练
face possible pressure and competition迎接可能的压力和竞争 Be easily taken in by容易受到某人或某事的欺骗 exam-oriented education应试教育
knowledge-intensive知识密集型的
education for all-round development全面发展教育
have quick and easy access to something更快地接触到…东西 Develop Our Creative Mind培养我们创造性思维 Fake Diplomas假文凭
Embracing the Knowledge Economy Age拥抱知识经济时代 Renew Knowledge革新知识 People-oriented以人为本的
compulsory education义务教育
keep skills fresh and up-to-date使得技能可以与时俱进 widen one’s knowledge拓展知识面
enrich one’s social and life experience丰富了社会和生活阅历
enlarge one’s view拓展知识面
broaden one’s horizons拓展知识面 realize the value of life实现生命价值
grasp good communication skills掌握良好的交流技能
remove misunderstanding and discrimination消除误解和歧视
improve cultural integration and globalization促进了文化的融合和文化全球化 cultivate a strong sense of responsibility培养了强烈的责任感 promote social skills and competence提高了社会能力和竞争力 make contribution to society对社会做出贡献 quality Education素质教育
cross-cultural communication跨文化交流 rote learning死记硬背
concentrate one’s attention on关注…
student-oriented education以学生为主体的教育 bias of culture文化偏见 cradle of culture文化摇篮
mainstream culture主流文化 system of education教育体制
tap one’s potential挖掘某人的潜能 go astray误入歧途 commit crimes犯罪
Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire教育不是注满木桶水，而是点燃生命的火ambiguity歧义 denotation字面意思 connotation暗含意思
impractical不切实际的
intellectual development智力发展 interaction交流
thinking capacity思考能力 universal language世界语
linguistic studies语言学研究
a means of communication一种交流工具 mechanical translation机械翻译 untranslatable不宜翻译的
develop linguistic skills培养语言技能 verbal communication口头交流 grammatical rules语法规则 context语境 core核心 translation笔译 interpretation口译
a complex progress一个复杂过程 cream精华
cultivate logical thinking培养逻辑思维
obscure晦涩的
readability朗朗上口
an unrealistic dream一个不切实际的梦想 comprehensive knowledge全面的知识
communicate with others directly, and freely与他人直接自由交流 face-to-face communication面对面交流 stimulate one’s interest激发了…的兴趣
artificial intelligence人工智能
help children learn a foreign language in a more vivid and interactive way帮助孩子更生动，互动地学习一门外语 miraculous令人惊叹的 increase efficiency提高效率 easy accessibility易于操作
make astounding advances突飞猛进
enrich the teaching and learning methods丰富了教学手段 expertise专业知识
flourishing繁荣兴旺的
speedy communication快速的交流 read between the lines读懂暗含的意思 language acquisition语言习得 term术语
implication含义
be fully aware of…充分意识到… optimistic乐观的 pessimistic悲观的 drawback弊端
precious gift宝贵的礼物 linguist语言学家
mission impossible不可能的任务 社会
person of the year 风云人物 world-renown 世界闻名
prestigious 声明远播的
notorious 臭名昭著的(国外娱乐业尤其是面对年轻人的,越坏越流行) charity organization 慈善机构 philanthropy 慈善事业 trend-setting 带动潮流的
high media exposure 媒体曝光率
lead a glamorous life 充满魅力的生活
positive influence on young people对年轻人有正面影响 privilege 享受特权
award show/ fashion show 颁奖典礼/ 时装发布会 personality highlight 人格亮点 talent 才华
prodigy 神童
求职与就业 routine 规律 重复的 career 事业
profession/ occupation 职业 individual success个人成功 work overtime加班
laid off 下岗
contribute to/ make contribute to贡献 balance between 平衡 preoccupied with忙于 promotions 升职 under stress 承受压力 job hopping 跳槽
intense competition强烈竞争 be replaced被淘汰 benefits 福利 head hunter猎头
human resource 人力资源 meaning in life 生命的意义 self-worth 自我价值
being in a team 在团队中
learn from your boss 跟老板学习
become fast friend with your colleagues 和同事交朋友
contribute to social progress and stability 为社会进步和稳定做贡献 become an able, worthy and useful person 成为有能力, 有价值,有用之人 a bread-winning process赚钱过程 mental satisfaction 精神满足感 be born出生 start school入学 immigrate 移民 graduate毕业 learn to drive学习开车 join the army参军 get a job就业
become a citizen成为公民 rent an apartment租公寓 go to college 上大学 fall in love恋爱 get married 结婚 have a baby 生孩子 travel旅游
buy a house买房子 move搬家
have a grandchild获得孙子/孙女 die死亡
milestone里程碑 turning point 转折点 memorable 印象深刻
an eye-opening experience/ an eye opener 打开眼界的事情 take… seriously 认真做… put all my effort in …全力以赴干… impressed 印象深刻 inspired 受激励
realize the importance of …意识到… 的重要性 jump up for job快乐的跳起来 have the time of my life 玩的非常快乐 shocked 惊呆了 in a daze 呆 celebrate 庆祝 birth certificate 出生证 diploma 文凭 degree学位
resident alien card居留卡 driver’s license 驾照
social security card社会保险卡
certificate of naturalization 入籍证明 marriage license 结婚证 passport and visa护照/签证 recall 回忆
deep impression印象深刻 effect on me对我的影响 think it over反复思考
stay in my mind留在我的心里 工作:
Full-time, part-time, white-collar, blue-collar, semi-skilled, self-employed, freelancer, 收入: income, earnings, wages, salary,
职业好: enjoyable, pleasant, fascinating令人着迷的 Steady稳定的
provide many opportunities for…提供各种。。。的机会,
give me a sense of satisfaction/accomplishment给我一种满足感、成就感, apply what I have learnt to my job把我学的用在工作中, put my talent into full play充分发挥我的天分,
improve my interpersonal and communicative skills提高我的人际交往和交流能力, improve my independence独立能力,
well-fare福利
benefit future development将来的发展, 不好:
demanding难做的,
stressful有压力的,
tiring累人的, exhausting令人筋疲力尽的, boring无聊的,
routine work常规工作, repetitive重复性的,
work overtime/extra hours加班 workaholic工作狂,
repetitive strain injuries职业病, adverse conditions恶劣的工作条件, freelancer自由职业self-employed Personnel, human resources 人力资源 学校:
nursery托儿所
kindergarten幼儿园
primary school/elementary school小学, secondary school中学教育 higher education高等教育 further education进修 教育: parenting, schooling, enroll 入学admit 招收，录取
Parents are obliged to do…父母有责任、义务去做。。。 compulsory education 强制教育、义务教育 minors 未成年人 immature 不成熟的 学习的好处
learn skills学习技能
acquire knowledge学习知识， enrich knowledge丰富知识, widen horizon开阔视野, inspire interest激发兴趣, stimulate interest激发兴趣, cultivate v 培养 hobbies develop potentials
conduce to mental development
lay a solid foundation for the future为将来打下坚实的基础 学习上的问题:
lack discipline缺少约束力/persistence毅力, test-oriented education应试型教育, quality education 素质教育
cram for examinations突击考试, stuff 塞 materials
memorise背, memorisation, rote learning死记硬背
Test-taking techniques应试技巧
坏处：
discourage critical thinking 打击评判性思维 students stop questioning what they are being taught 学生们不去质问他们学习的东西
conduce to academic performance有助学习表现 Adversely influence 负面地影响（动作）
Exert adverse/unfavorable influence on对。。。产生负面影响
Emphasis on memorisation adversely influences one’s academic performance Creativity 创造性
Come at the expense/cost of creativity以牺牲创造力为代价Lower/raise the standard of…降低了。。。的水平 饮食与体育锻炼
healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 sedentary lifestyle久坐的, an active lifestyle积极锻炼的, excessive intake of…吃过多的。。 fast food快餐
convenience food方便食品 diabetes, diarrhea, respiratory disease, nutrition营养
balanced diet均衡的饮食 protein蛋白质, vitamin维生素, fibre纤维
mineral矿物质,,
incurable disease绝症
depression抑郁症 obesity肥胖症
stress-related diseases和压力有关的疾病 therapy （非药物）治疗 treatment 治疗
Relieve=ease=alleviate 减轻stress aerobic exercises有氧运动 vigorous有活力的 energetic经历充沛的 refreshing提神的
refresh your mind and body 提神 train your muscle肌肉
improve blood circulation血液循环 increase flexibility提高灵活性
drain 排出
cultivate stamina and persistence培养耐力和毅力 develop teamwork spirit 培养团队合作精神
conduce to physical fitness身体健康
hallmark标志
create topics of discussion制造交谈话题 critical thinking批判性思维
powerful means of communication有力的交流工具 main cause主因
tempting有诱惑力的 reliable可靠的
family attachment家庭归属感 mutual understanding相互了解 alienation of affection感情疏远 be sick of …对…厌倦 generation gap代沟
exchanges of feelings感情交流
emotional bond感情纽带
strengthen family ties加强家庭纽带关系 be detached from reality与现实隔绝 distinguish right from wrong明辨是非 scientific invention科学发明
exert a far-reaching impact on…对…产生一种深远的影响 double-edged sword双刃剑
airplane飞机
pave the way for the future development为未来的发展铺平道路 lay a solid foundation for…为…打下良好的基础 社会交往求职
in all walks of life在各行各业
ambitious雄心壮志的、野心勃勃的 adaptability适应性
adapt oneself to …使自己适应… prosperity繁荣
be disadvantageous to …对…不利 flow of personnel人才流动
mechanism of personnel flow人才流动机制 survival of the fittest适者生存 a sense of accomplishment成就感 potentiality潜能
learn to cooperate and compromise学习合作和妥协 be deeply impressed with …对…印象很深 company philosophy企业文化 flexibility灵活性
competitive竞争激烈的 arena舞台
team-work spirit团队合作精神 treasure opportunity珍惜机会
a fat salary收入颇丰
a harmonious interpersonal relationship和谐的人际关系 a sense of responsibility责任感 material gains物质待遇
promising future光明的前途
bright prospect光明的前景
a challenging job一份具有挑战性的工作 turning point转折点
be closely related to …与…息息相关 get advanced in the society出人头地 a decent job一份体面的工作 chance of promotion升迁机会
stability and satisfaction稳定感和满足感
keep skills fresh and up-to-date使技能可以不断更新 expand one’s horizon开阔视野
balance work and life平衡工作和生活
from-nine-to-five朝九晚五一族
shoulder/undertake one’s responsibility承担起自己的责任 upgrade oneself提升自我 a well-paid job高收入工作 creative work创造性工作
stand up to / meet the challenge迎接挑战 realize the value of life实现人生价值
enrich one’s social experience丰富一个人的社会阅历
cultivate one’s independence and toughness培养自己的独立性和坚韧性 seek for personal development追求个人发展 display one’s talent展示才能
a sense of self-fulfillment自我实现感 promotion opportunity提升机会
meet one’s personalized needs满足某人个性化需求 define one’s role确定自己的角色 social recognition社会认可 accumulate experience获取经验 inspiring鼓舞人心的 motivation动机 workaholic工作狂
working environment工作环境
work overtime加班
improve one’s capabilities提高某人能力 develop one’s talents培养才智 ideal workplace理想工作场所
master interpersonal skills掌握人际交往技能 urbanization城市化 centralization集中化
imbalance不平衡
in the long run从长远角度而言 infrastructure基础设施 booming繁荣发展的 tertiary industry第三产业 tranquility宁静 revenue税收
commercialization商业化 自然社会问题
traffic congestion交通拥挤 water scarcity水短缺
the environmental pollution环境污染 over-industrialization过度工业化 over-crowdedness过度拥挤 unemployment失业
wealth distribution财富分配 social instability社会动荡 urban construction城市建设 population explosion人口激增
a rising crime rate犯罪率上升
drain of energy and resources能源和资源消耗 offer more job opportunities提供更多的就业机会 a rapid pace of life快节奏生活
stress-related illnesses与压力有关的疾病 high cost of living高额生活费用 pastoral life田园生活
class polarization阶级两极分化 social welfare社会福利
give special care to …给予…特殊关照 urban sprawl城市扩张
convenient transportation means便捷的交通工具 better medical services更好的医疗服务 pressure of modern life in city城市生活压力 be vulnerable to …易于患上… melting pot熔炉
on the brink of …处于…边缘 pollutant污染性物质 waste disposal废物处理
put the blame on …归咎于… be attributable to …归因为… ways of consumption消费方式 suffer heavy losses遭受重大损失 citizen居民
be confronted with…面临着…
breed crimes滋生犯罪
vicious cycle恶性循环
a feasible measure一种可行的措施 give priority to …优先考虑… city planners城市规划者
endanger social stability and safety危害社会稳定和安全 save resource节省资源
speed up加速
relieve the pressure of…缓解…的压力
advocate the management of resources倡导资源管理 benefit from从中受益
put forward valuable suggestions提出宝贵建议 交通方式means of public transport
traffic conditions are worsening=deteriorating 交通状况恶化
traffic regulations=codes交通规则 obey遵守
violat=break违背
traffic congestions=traffic jams heavy traffic拥挤的交通 light traffic比较畅通的交通,
crowded street拥挤的道路 vehicle车辆
adopt effective transport strategies采取有效的交通策略 relieve the pressure on traffic减轻交通方面的压力
encourage people to use public transport, 鼓励大家使用公交 carpool拼车
build more cycle lanes 自行车道, encourage Park and Ride 停车换乘 raise fuel price 提高油价
impose=put higher tax 征收高额的税 subsidise=fund public transport 补贴公交
city council市政府
role in easing traffic 在缓解交通压力上扮演了重要角色 participate in the reconstruction of the city参与城市重建 raise the environmental management level提高环境管理水平 create a pleasant ecological environment创造出一种和谐的生态环境 give priority to优先关注
catch much attention引起很大关注
resource allocation资源配置
perfect the construction of urban infrastructure完善城市基础设施建设 reduce the number of vehicles减少车辆
implement strict vehicle emission standards制定严格的汽车排放标准 reduce waste减少浪费
eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后 prevent and control pollution预防和控制污染
reinforce the conservation of water and soil加强水土保护 keep ecological balance维护生态平衡
adopt environmental protection technique采取环保技术
create a healthy cultural environment创造出一种更加健康的文化氛围 strengthen the regulation and monitoring加强监督和管理 enhance the governmental intrusion加大政府干预性措施 promote legislative regulations促进立法管理
establish and perfect the social security system建立和完善社会的安全体系 give special care to给某人或某物特别的关照
Map out (work out) a blueprint of …制定出…的发展蓝图 impose some restrictions on对…实施限制 Increase the inputs in …加大对…的投入
arouse people’s awareness of唤醒人们的…意识
take some preventive (remedial) measures采取一些预防（补救）措施 enforce on-the-spot penalties采取立即惩罚性措施 play the role of media充分的发挥媒体的作用
take proper guidance and support采取恰当的引导和支持 impose heavier penalty on对…实施严格的惩罚 set down effective laws制定积极有效的法律
urban planning 城市规划
Result in shortage of energy and natural resources导致了能源和自然资源的短缺 Break the ecological balance破坏了生态的平衡
Be harmful to our physical and mental health对我们的身心健康有害 Contaminate the environment污染环境
promote the sustainable development of the city促进城市的可持续性发展 Greenhouse effect温室效应
strengthen pollution control加强污染控制
popularize environmental protection knowledge普及环保知识 Burning迫在眉睫的 energy crisis能源危机 depletion of resources能源消耗 milestone里程碑
sophisticated equipment尖端设备 technical innovation科技创新 expediency权宜之计
antithetical与…背道而驰的
over-commercialized过渡商业化的 a heated discussion热烈的讨论 exhaust gas废气
disastrous灾难性的
overshadow使…相形见绌 compared to/with…与…相比
usher in引领
speedy and comfortable既快捷又舒适 opposite forces负面影响 a fatal breakdown致命故障 potential hazards潜在危险
pose a threat to…对…有一种威胁
promote relative industries促进相关产业发展 accelerate加速…
means of transportation交通方式 transportation tools交通工具 social status社会地位
environmentally-friendly resources环保的能源 make people’s life easier使人们生活更方便 alternative fuel可替代燃料
sustainable development可持续性发展 scientific exploration科学探索 air travel航空旅行 ridiculous可笑的 absurd荒唐的
substitute取代
overcome difficulties克服困难 make progress取得进步
a sense of national pride民族自豪感 unprecedented前所未有的 soaring不断上升的
give a great push to the economic growth极大地推动了经济发展 see dramatic breakthroughs取得突破性进展 aggravate使恶化 optimize优化
cure-all solution万能良药
jeopardize= damage 危害
be responsible for one's own profit and loss 自负盈亏 be honest in performing one's official duties 廉洁奉公 beeper BP机
behind-the-scene maneuvering 幕后操纵 benefit concert 义演音乐会
best supporting actress award 最佳女配角 bid up price 哄抬物价
big gun 有势力的人，名人 big lie 大骗局 bistro 夜总会
black box 测谎器
black market price 黑市价 blanket ballot 全面选举
blast 爆炸
be abducted by受…诱导 purify one’s soul净化心灵
live in virtual would生活在一个虚拟世界中
be a great comfort to somebody对…来说是一个巨大安慰 meet different tastes满足不同口味
provide somebody with something给…提供… follow the fashion blindly盲目追逐时尚 commit crimes犯罪
be inconceivable to somebody对…来说是难以想象的 impressive给人印象深刻的 right to know知情权
in the disguise of …打着…的幌子
endanger social stability and safety危害社会稳定和安全 information era信息时代
keep one informed about something使人们了解… audience/viewers观众
have unhealthy and harmful effects on…对…有不良影响 information-explosion society信息爆炸的社会
influential有影响的
revolutionize the way we acquire information彻底改变了我们获取信息的方式 blessing福 curse祸
various thrilling programs各种各样激动人心的节目 poor-quality programs低质量节目 ever-accelerated不断发展的 exaggerate夸张
enjoyable令人享受的 fashionable时尚的
electromagnetic radiation电磁辐射 psychological illnesses心理疾病 isolated孤僻的
unimaginative缺乏想象力的 unsociable不好社交的
deprive somebody of one’s imagination and creativity使…丧失了想象力和创造力 jeopardize one’s health危害健康 be exposed to…了解到…接触到… find its way into every family进入千家万户 global village地球村 be indulged in…沉溺于… be addicted to …对…上瘾 be fascinated by …被…所吸引 be dependent on …依赖…
second-hand information二手信息
go astray误入歧途
embark on the criminal road走上犯罪道路 irresistible无法抵制的
automobile industry汽车工业
boost the economic development促进经济发展 levy the tax征税
modernization现代化
be viewed as …被视为是…
be concerned about …对…担忧/关注… pollution-free fuel无污染燃料 luxury奢侈品
chronic lead poisoning慢性铅中毒 fill… with …使…充斥着
popularization of cars汽车普及 lay more emphasis on…把重心放在… observe traffic regulations遵守交通规则 break traffic regulations违反交通规则 get struck in traffic遇上堵车 rush hour上下班高峰时间
ease the traffic pressure缓解交通压力 pedestrian行人
pavement人行道 zebra crossing斑马线 overspeed超速行驶
bottleneck交通堵塞地区
settle down effective laws制定出积极有效的法律 impose restrictions on …对…实施限制 short-sighted目光短浅的
non-renewable resources不可再生资源 carbon dioxide二氧化碳 a pillar industry支柱产业 make full use of …充分利用 road networks公路网 speed limits限速
enhance the quality of life提高生活质量 pay a heavy price付出惨痛的代价
promote the development of relative industries促进相关产业发展 traffic engineering交通运输工程
the number of car ownership汽车拥有量 call for …需要…
overcrowded过度拥挤的 violator违规者
headache令人头痛的事 traffic accidents交通事故
head-way进展
conflict with …与…相冲突 major cause主要原因
be replaced by …被…所取代
provide convenience for …为…提供便利 curb…限制…
dilemma进退两难
encourage somebody to do something鼓励某人去做某事 energy-saving节能的 marketable products畅销产品 potential market潜在市场 in view of考虑到
be tempted into an unhealthy lifestyle从而过上一种不健康的生活方式 jump into our sight映入眼帘
fake and exaggerated information虚假信息
be deceptive and misleading具有欺骗性和误导性 high-tech products高科技产品 perfect services完善服务 环保:
environmental protection 环境保护 environmentally-friendly 环保的 preserve v保护，保存 污染：
Pollute= contaminate, 污染（动词） pollutant 污染物
Pollution=contamination 污染（名词） 垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter 处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill垃圾场), dump倾倒，recycle 回收
plastic bags塑料袋, drinking cans饮料罐 biodegradable packaging 可降解包装, throwaway 可丢弃的 disposable 可丢弃的 discourage v 不鼓励 燃料
non-renewable 不可再生的
fossil fuels矿石燃料: natural gas, coal, petroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源 alternative energy替代能源 replace=substitute v取代
(wind power, hydropower水电, solar (lunar) power太阳能, nuclear power核能 radioactivity n 辐射性
use up, deplete, exhaust v 用光，耗尽 conserve v 节省，节约, consume less v 少消耗 危害动物:
poaching非法打猎，盗猎,
damage natural habitat 破坏自然栖息地, rare breed稀有物种,
endangered species濒危物种,
extinct adj灭绝 (die out, disappear动词), animal rights activist动物权益保护者 , natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区, protect wild life保护野生动物,
disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏, have disastrous effect on…对。。。有灾难性的影响 危害植物:
vegetation植被 deforestation森林消失, landslide山体滑坡, 危害环境:
carbon dioxide二氧化碳, acid rain酸雨(erode腐蚀)
greenhouse effect温室效应 (worsening, deteriorate, deterioration恶化) global warming全球变暖
ecological system=ecosystem生态系统
green belt绿化带, sand storm沙尘暴, (filter v 过滤)
arouse people’s awareness/consciousness of environmental protection提高公众的环保意识 人类文明文化
cultural diversity文化多元化 flourishing繁荣昌盛的 cultural treasures文化宝藏
cross-cultural communication跨文化交流 cultural reconstruction文化重建 spiritual civilization精神文明 heritage遗产
achievements of art艺术成就 tear down拆除
humane historical sites人文历史遗址 preserve the cultural relics保护文化遗产 blueprint蓝图
skyscraper摩天大楼
high-rise office buildings高层写字楼 city construction城市建设 well-structured结构良好的 crystallization结晶
visual enjoyment视觉享受 driving force驱动力 reconstruct 重建 destruct 破坏
architectural industry建筑工业 map out制定出
city designing城市设计 beautify our life美化我们的生活 human civilization人类文明 cradle of culture文化摇篮 mainstream culture主流文化 cultural traditions文化传统 national pride民族自豪
local customs and practices风土人情 attract people’s eyes吸引人们的眼球 artistic taste艺术品味
cornerstone基石
be closely interrelated with…与…有密切关系 adhere to the tradition坚持传统 architectural vandalism破坏建筑行为 carry forward …弘扬…
cultural needs文化需求 reputation声望
maintain the world peace维护世界和平 artistic reflection艺术反映 give publicity to…宣传… burden负担
cause irreversible damage造成不可逆转的损失 national identity and value民族特性和价值观
remove prejudice and misunderstanding消除偏见和误解 symbol象征
artistic standards艺术水准 enjoy great popularity广受欢迎 cultural devolution文化退化 cultural insights文化视角
learn about the would了解世界
a thrilling experience一种令人激动的经历 abstract抽象的 concrete具体的
move somebody to tears使…感动落泪
get relaxed and entertained得到放松和娱乐 venue场所
has its value有其自己价值 inspiration灵感
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