雅思(阅读)模拟试卷108(题后含答案及解析)

雅思（阅读）模拟试卷108 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Reading Module

Reading Module (60 minutes)

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1—13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Case Study: Tourism New Zealand websiteNew Zealand is a small country of four million inhabitants, a long-haul flight from all the major tourist-generating markets of the world. Tourism currently makes up 9% of the country’s gross domestic product, and is the country’s largest export sector. Unlike other export sectors, which make products and then sell them overseas, tourism brings its customers to New Zealand. The product is the country itself - the people, the places and the experiences. In 1999, Tourism New Zealand launched a campaign to communicate a new brand position to the world. The campaign focused on New Zealand’s scenic beauty, exhilarating outdoor activities and authentic Maori culture, and it made New Zealand one of the strongest national brands in the world.A key feature of the campaign was the website www.newzealand.com, which provided potential visitors to New Zealand with a single gateway to everything the destination had to offer. The heart of the website was a database of tourism services operators, both those based in New Zealand and those based abroad which offered tourism services to the country. Any tourism-related business could be listed by filling in a simple form. This meant that even the smallest bed and breakfast address or specialist activity provider could gain a web presence with access to an audience of long-haul visitors. In addition, because participating businesses were able to update the details they gave on a regular basis, the information provided remained accurate. And to maintain and improve standards, Tourism New Zealand organised a scheme whereby organisations appearing on the website underwent an independent evaluation against a set of agreed national standards of quality. As part of this, the effect of each business on the environment was considered.To communicate the New Zealand experience, the site also carried features relating to famous people and places. One of the most popular was an interview with former New Zealand All Blacks rugby captain Tana Umaga. Another feature that attracted a lot of attention was an interactive journey through a number of the locations chosen for blockbuster films which had made use of New Zealand’s stunning scenery as a backdrop. As the site developed, additional features were added to help independent travellers devise their own customised itineraries. To make it easier to plan motoring holidays, the site catalogued the most popular driving routes in the country, highlighting different routes according to the season and indicating distances and times.Later, a Travel Planner feature was added, which allowed visitors to click and ‘bookmark’ places or attractions they were interested in, and then view the results on a map. The Travel Planner offered suggested routes and public transport options between the chosen locations. There were also links to accommodation in the area. By registering with the website, users

could save their Travel Plan and return to it later, or print it out to take on the visit. The website also had a ‘Your Words’ section where anyone could submit a blog of their New Zealand travels for possible inclusion on the website.The Tourism New Zealand website won two Webby awards for online achievement and innovation. More importantly perhaps, the growth of tourism to New Zealand was impressive. Overall tourism expenditure increased by an average of 6.9% per year between 1999 and 2004. From Britain, visits to New Zealand grew at an average annual rate of 13% between 2002 and 2006, compared to a rate of 4% overall for British visits abroad.The website was set up to allow both individuals and travel organisations to create itineraries and travel packages to suit their own needs and interests. On the website, visitors can search for activities not solely by geographical location, but also by the particular nature of the activity. This is important as research shows that activities are the key driver of visitor satisfaction, contributing 74% to visitor satisfaction, while transport and accommodation account for the remaining 26%. The more activities that visitors undertake, the more satisfied they will be. It has also been found that visitors enjoy cultural activities most when they are interactive, such as visiting a marae (meeting ground) to learn about traditional Maori life. Many long-haul travellers enjoy such learning experiences, which provide them with stories to take home to their friends and family. In addition, it appears that visitors to New Zealand don’t want to be ‘one of the crowd’ and find activities that involve only a few people more special and meaningful.It could be argued that New Zealand is not a typical destination. New Zealand is a small country with a visitor economy composed mainly of small businesses. It is generally perceived as a safe English-speaking country with a reliable transport infrastructure. Because of the long-haul flight, most visitors stay for longer (average 20 days) and want to see as much of the country as possible on what is often seen as a once-in-a-lifetime visit. However, the underlying lessons apply anywhere - the effectiveness of a strong brand, a strategy based on unique experiences and a comprehensive and user-friendly website.Questions 1-7Complete the table below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

1．

正确答案：update

解析：题目：企业可以定期……信息。该小标题是对于tourism services数据库的评价之一，空白处词性为动词；文中提到使用网站的企业可以按时更新一些细节，保持信息一直精确；题干regularly是对原文on a regular basis的改写。因此答案为update。

2．

正确答案：environment

解析：题目：为企业提供一项全国范围内的评估，包括它们对……的影响。

与上题相同，此处也是对数据库服务的评价之一，空白处词性为名词；文中提到新西兰旅游局会对注册企业进行全国质检标准的测评，其中包括企业对于环境的影响；country-wide是原文中national的替换，impact用来改写effect。因此答案为environment。

3．

正确答案：captain

解析：题目：例如：对于一位前体育……的采访。该小标题从属于当地话题的独特属性，空白处词性为名词；文中提到为了更好地体验新西兰，网站另一特色与当地名流和地点有关，其中包括对于新西兰全黑橄榄球队长的一个采访；难点出在对于rugby(橄榄球)这项运动的认知，它对应着题干中的sports。因此答案为captain。

4．

正确答案：films

解析：题目：以及一个使用在……场景中的地点的互动之旅。与上题从属话题相同，空白处词性为名词；文中提到其他能够吸引注意力的网站特色是互动之旅，这个旅行是体验出现在电影当中的本地风景；题干used in在原文的同义替换是chosen for，虽然中文意思不尽相同，但放在句中分析，“电影中选择的场景”即影片使用的场景。因此答案为films。

5．

正确答案：season

解析：题目：会因……而改变。从属于路线信息，空白处词性为名词；文中提到不同的路线会因为不同季节而标注；题干depending on是原文according to的改写。因此答案为season。

6．

正确答案：accommodation

解析：题目：包含一张选定地点的地图、详细的交通信息和当地的……从属于旅行策划板块，空白处词性为名词；文中提到地图后，说该板块会提供路线、交通和当地食宿的链接；题干selected places替换原文中chosen locations，local是对in the area的改写。因此答案为accommodation。

7．

正确答案：blog

解析：题目：游客可以发送链接到他们的……从属于“您的留言”板块，空白处词性为名词；文中提到在该板块可以submit游客新西兰旅行的日记，如果不认得submit为提交，只要能看出could后面是动词，再把动词的宾语填进去即

可。因此答案为blog。

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

8． The website www.newzealand.com aimed to provide ready-made itineraries and packages for travel companies and individual tourists.

A．TRUE B．假

C．NOT GIVEN

正确答案：B 解析：题目：“新西兰之旅”网站旨在为旅游公司和个人游客提供现成的旅行计划和旅行套餐服务。本题定位具有一定迷惑性，题干“www.newzealand．com”网站虽然很早就出现，但所在段落没有任何题干相关描述。依照顺序原则做完之前的表格填空之后，落在了第6段的开头，本段开头直接提到该网站设计的初衷是方便自由行游客和旅行社按自己的需求和兴趣生成定制日程和旅行服务套餐，并非题干中说的“现成的”。因此答案为False。

9． It was found that most visitors started searching on the website by geographical location.

A．TRUE B．假

C．NOT GIVEN

正确答案：C

解析：题目：据发现，大部分游客按照地理位置分类来浏览网站。虽然原文提到了按照地理位置分类，但并没有讲过大多数游客的选择是什么。因此答案为Not Given。

10． According to research, 26% of visitor satisfaction is related to their accommodation.

A．TRUE B．假

C．NOT GIVEN

正确答案：B

解析：题目：根据调查，26％的游客满意度跟食宿相关。原文中提到食宿和交通加起来占整体满意度的26％，与26％完全来自食宿矛盾。因此答案为False。

11． Visitors to New Zealand like to become involved in the local culture.

A．TRUE B．假

C．NOT GIVEN

正确答案：A

解析：题目：来新西兰的游客愿意融入当地的文化。题干culture同义替换原文cultural，like to 替换原文enjoy，become involved in替换原文interactive；原文提到文化活动越有参与性，游客就越享受，与题目相符。因此答案为True。

12． Visitors like staying in small hotels in New Zealand rather than in larger ones.

A．TRUE B．假

C．NOT GIVEN

正确答案：C

解析：题目：比起大酒店，来新西兰的游客更愿意住在小旅馆。题干大小型的旅馆在文中均没有出现；注意：包含比较的判断题，以下两种情况选择NG：1、比较双方在原文中少了任意一方，2、原文中比较双方出现了，但没有比较；此题比较双方均没有出现。因此答案为Not Given。

13． Many visitors feel it is unlikely that they will return to New Zealand after their visit.

A．TRUE B．假

C．NOT GIVEN

正确答案：A

解析：题目：很多游客感觉旅程结束后还能回来重游的可能性很小。此题的改写难度较高，原文中并没有出现定位词return、after their visit等，只是说新西兰之旅被看作是一个“once-in-a-lifetime(一生一次)”的旅程，暗示着游客们可能以后不会再回来了。因此答案为True。

Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F.Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-viii, in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi The productive outcomes that may result from boredomii What teachers can do to prevent boredomiii A new explanation and a new cure for boredomiv Problems with a scientific approach to boredomv A potential danger arising from boredomvi Creating a system of classification for feelings of boredomvii Age groups most affected by boredomviii Identifying those most affected by boredomWhy being bored is stimulating - and useful, tooThis most common of emotions is turning out to be more interesting thanwe thoughtA We all know how it feels - it’s impossible to keep your mind on anything, time stretches out, and all the things you could do seem equally unlikely to make you feel better. But

defining boredom so that it can be studied in the lab has proved difficult. For a start, it can include a lot of other mental states, such as frustration, apathy, depression and indifference. There isn’t even agreement over whether boredom is always a low-energy, flat kind of emotion or whether feeling agitated and restless counts as boredom, too. In his book, Boredom: A Lively History, Peter Toohey at the University of Calgary, Canada, compares it to disgust - an emotion that motivates us to stay away from certain situations. ‘If disgust protects humans from infection, boredom may protect them from “infectious” social situations,’ he suggests.B By asking people about their experiences of boredom, Thomas Goetz and his team at the University of Konstanz in Germany have recently identified five distinct types: indifferent, calibrating, searching, reactant and apathetic. These can be plotted on two axes - one running left to right, which measures low to high arousal, and the other from top to bottom, which measures how positive or negative the feeling is. Intriguingly, Goetz has found that while people experience all kinds of boredom, they tend to specialise in one. Of the five types, the most damaging is ‘reactant’ boredom with its explosive combination of high arousal and negative emotion. The most useful is what Goetz calls ‘indifferent’ boredom: someone isn’t engaged in anything satisfying but still feels relaxed and calm. However, it remains to be seen whether there are any character traits that predict the kind of boredom each of us might be prone to.C Psychologist Sandi Mann at the University of Central Lancashire, UK, goes further. ‘All emotions are there for a reason, including boredom,’ she says. Mann has found that being bored makes us more creative. ‘We’re all afraid of being bored but in actual fact it can lead to all kinds of amazing things,’ she says. In experiments published last year, Mann found that people who had been made to feel bored by copying numbers out of the phone book for 15 minutes came up with more creative ideas about how to use a polystyrene cup than a control group. Mann concluded that a passive, boring activity is best for creativity because it allows the mind to wander. In fact, she goes so far as to suggest that we should seek out more boredom in our lives.D Psychologist John Eastwood at York University in Toronto, Canada, isn’t convinced. ‘If you are in a state of mind-wandering you are not bored,’ he says. ‘In my view, by definition boredom is an undesirable state.’ That doesn’t necessarily mean that it isn’t adaptive, he adds. ‘Pain is adaptive - if we didn’t have physical pain, bad things would happen to us. Does that mean that we should actively cause pain? No. But even if boredom has evolved to help us survive, it can still be toxic if allowed to fester.’ For Eastwood, the central feature of boredom is a failure to put our ‘attention system’ into gear. This causes an inability to focus on anything, which makes time seem to go painfully slowly. What’s more, your efforts to improve the situation can end up making you feel worse. ‘People try to connect with the world and if they are not successful there’s that frustration and irritability,’ he says. Perhaps most worryingly, says Eastwood, repeatedly failing to engage attention can lead to a state where we don’t know what to do any more, and no longer care.E Eastwood’s team is now trying to explore why the attention system fails. It’s early days but they think that at least some of it comes down to personality. Boredom proneness has been linked with a variety of traits. People who are motivated by pleasure seem to suffer particularly badly. Other

personality traits, such as curiosity, are associated with a high boredom threshold. More evidence that boredom has detrimental effects comes from studies of people who are more or less prone to boredom. It seems those who bore easily face poorer prospects in education, their career and even life in general. But of course, boredom itself cannot kill -it’s the things we do to deal with it that may put us in danger. What can we do to alleviate it before it comes to that? Goetz’s group has one suggestion. Working with teenagers, they found that those who ‘approach’ a boring situation - in other words, see that it’s boring and get stuck in anyway - report less boredom than those who try to avoid it by using snacks, TV or social media for distraction.F Psychologist Francoise Wemelsfelder speculates that our over-connected lifestyles might even be a new source of boredom. ‘In modern human society there is a lot of overstimulation but still a lot of problems finding meaning,’ she says. So instead of seeking yet more mental stimulation, perhaps we should leave our phones alone, and use boredom to motivate us to engage with the world in a more meaningful way.

14． Paragraph A

正确答案：iv

解析：题目：科学研究厌倦情绪的困难在引入厌倦情绪的大众定义后，A段紧接着说明想要在实验室里研究厌倦是非常困难的，然后论述了都有哪些困难；选项中的problems在原文用difficult来替换，而can be studied in the lab说明这是一种科学研究的方法。因此答案为iv。

15． Paragraph B

正确答案：vi

解析：题目：创建鉴别厌倦情绪的分类体系文中提到德国的学者Goetz及其团队将厌倦之情分为迥异的5个类别；原文identified为选项中classification的同义替换词，而所谓的system即原文中提到的“物种类别可以标绘在纵横轴的象限中”这一套分类办法。因此答案为vi。

16． Paragraph C

正确答案：i

解析：题目：厌倦可能带来的创造性结果选项中的productive(创造性的)是个正面意义的词汇，如果该选项为正确答案，文中的描述应当以积极用词为主；原文中C段提到厌倦能让人有创造力，creative即选项中productive的同义替换，且在用词上使用了amazing things这样的说法，符合答案；选项中result from在原文中用lead to来替换。因此答案为i。

17． Paragraph D

正确答案：v

解析：题目：厌倦会带来的一种潜在危险D段开头否定了前一段中科学家“厌倦有益创造”的论点，可知本段内容为厌倦的负面作用。第6行的toxic体现出对人们的危害，以及后文的inability、feel worse、frustration和irritability等用词，均体现出可能会对人们造成的危害。因此答案为v。

18． Paragraph E

正确答案：viii 解析：题目：识别最易受到厌倦影响的人群本段并未明确出现选项中的最高级most，而是使用了一种特殊的描写方式表示最高级：在第3行提到很多性格特征容易受厌倦影响，而那些寻欢作乐的人群尤其容易遭殃，即“和其他性格比起来，这类人群受的影响更大”。因此答案为viii。

19． Paragraph F

正确答案：iii 解析：题目：厌倦的新解释和新的解决方式。文中提到产生厌倦感的新源头，即它的原因或解释(explanation)；new在文中原词重现，cure在原文中没有明显的同义替换词，使用“我们应当把手机放一边，用厌倦来驱使我们用更有意义的方式参与到世界中来”这样的描述来表达这是一个解决厌倦的办法。因此答案为iii。

Look at the following people (Questions 20-23) and the list of ideas below.Match each person with the correct idea, A-E.Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 20-23 on your answer sheet.List of IdeasA The way we live today may encourage boredom.B One sort of boredom is worse than all the others.C Levels of boredom may fall in the future.D Trying to cope with boredom can increase its negative effects.E Boredom may encourage us to avoid an unpleasant experience.

20． Peter Toohey A． B． C． D． E．

正确答案：E

解析：原文人名出现时，讲到将厌倦与嫌恶相对比，并说“如果嫌恶保护人类免受真菌疾病的感染，那么厌倦则能够保护人类免受‘传染性’社交状况的感染”。该句中infection与infectious互为派生词，如果不认得该词，就从protect…

from这一词组推断，from后面一般跟病痛伤害等会对人造成不良影响的事情，可知infection包含负画意思，与选项中的avoid an unpleasant experience替换。因此答案为E“厌倦可能激发我们去避免某种不舒服的体验”。

21． Thomas Goetz A． B． C． D． E．

正确答案：B

解析：原文中提到，Goetz及团队将厌倦分为5类，此时并没有答案相对应。而在后面的详细论述不同类别时，说到the most damaging is，即“这一种厌倦比其他更有破坏性”，其中damaging对应选项中的worse。因此答案为B“某种厌倦比其他所有的种类更糟糕”。

22． John Eastwood A． B． C． D． E．

正确答案：D

解析：在雅思考试中，单复数通常具有针对性，即复数名词在原文中一定有不止一个的描述。而在这一题中，定位词Eastwood阐述不加约束的厌倦可能会有毒害时，在该段倒数第5行提到your efforts to improve the situation(即答案选项中trying to cope with boredom的替换)，之后又提到一系列的不良后果，如“frustration、irritability和不断失败导致的不知所措、不再在意”等，是答案选项中negative effects的具体解释。因此答案为D“尝试处理厌倦可能触发更负面的影响”。

23． Francoise Wemelsfelder A． B．

C． D． E．

正确答案：A 解析：人名出现的那句话提到过度交互的生活方式是厌倦产生的新源头，原文lifestyles对应选项中的the way we live，而a new source对应选项中的encourage。因此答案为A“我们现在的生活方式会滋生厌倦”。

Complete the summary below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet.Responses to boredomFor John Eastwood, the central feature of boredom is that people cannot 【R24】______, due to a failure in what he calls the ‘attention system’, and as a result they become frustrated and irritable. His team suggests that those for whom 【R25】______is an important aim in life may have problems in coping with boredom, whereas those who have the characteristic of 【R26】______can generally cope with it.

24． 【R24】

正确答案：focus

解析：题目：对John Eastwood来说，厌倦的核心特质是人们无法……，源于被他称为一种叫“注意力系统”的失效。开头句与原文并无差别，定位词也没有改变；审题通过语法可知空白处词性为动词，空白前面有否定词not，只要找到带有否定词的动词即可；原文提到inability to focus，in-这一前缀表示“不能”，替换了否定词not。因此答案为focus。

25． 【R25】

正确答案：pleasure 解析：题目：他的团队表示那些将……当作人生的重要目标的人可能会在处理厌倦时遇到麻烦。E段开头即为Eastwood的团队，下文可知寻欢作乐的那些人最易受到厌倦侵袭。这里的同义替换词不是特别明显，要从文中动词suffer来推断，suffer是指“受苦受难”，即题干所说的遇到problems，而motivate这个词表示“受……驱使”，即受到人生的重要目标的驱使。做题时不能直译某些词汇，要从词的深度和广度上来理解词汇所暗示的含义。因此答案为pleasure。

26． 【R26】

正确答案：curiosity

解析：题目：而有着……性格特征的人，一般能处理厌倦。本题中whereas一词与上题形成了比较，较方便定位，而characteristic即原文中的personality trait。

因此答案为curiosity。

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Artificial artistsCan computers really create works of art?The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, so their makers claim, possess creative talents. Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks painted by a robot have sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries. And software has been built which creates art that could not have been imagined by the programmer.Human beings are the only species to perform sophisticated creative acts regularly. If we can break this process down into computer code, where does that leave human creativity? This is a question at the very core of humanity,’ says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London. ‘It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.’To some extent, we are all familiar with computerised art. The question is: where does the work of the artist stop and the creativity of the computer begin? Consider one of the oldest machine artists, Aaron, a robot that has had paintings exhibited in London’s Tate Modern and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Aaron can pick up a paintbrush and paint on canvas on its own. Impressive perhaps, but it is still little more than a tool to realise the programmer’s own creative ideas.Simon Colton, the designer of the Painting Fool, is keen to make sure his creation doesn’t attract the same criticism. Unlike earlier ‘artists’ such as Aaron, the Painting Fool only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own concepts by going online for material. The software runs its own web searches and trawls through social media sites. It is now beginning to display a kind of imagination too, creating pictures from scratch. One of its original works is a series of fuzzy landscapes, depicting trees and sky. While some might say they have a mechanical look, Colton argues that such reactions arise from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, he says, consider that the Painting Fool painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. ‘If a child painted a new scene from its head, you’d say it has a certain level of imagination,’ he points out. The same should be true of a machine.’ Software bugs can also lead to unexpected results. Some of the Painting Fool’s paintings of a chair came out in black and white, thanks to a technical glitch. This gives the work an eerie, ghostlike quality. Human artists like the renowned Ellsworth Kelly are lauded for limiting their colour palette - so why should computers be any different?Researchers like Colton don’t believe it is right to measure machine creativity directly to that of humans who ‘have had millennia to develop our skills’. Others, though, are fascinated by the prospect that a computer might create something as original and subtle as our best artists. So far, only one has come close. Composer David Cope invented a program called Experiments in Musical Intelligence, or EMI. Not only did EMI create compositions in Cope’s style, but also that of the most revered classical composers, including Bach, Chopin and Mozart. Audiences were moved to tears, and EMI even fooled classical music experts into thinking they were

hearing genuine Bach. Not everyone was impressed however. Some, such as Wiggins, have blasted Cope’s work as pseudoscience, and condemned him for his deliberately vague explanation of how the software worked. Meanwhile, Douglas Hofstadter of Indiana University said EMI created replicas which still rely completely on the original artist’s creative impulses. When audiences found out the truth they were often outraged with Cope, and one music lover even tried to punch him. Amid such controversy, Cope destroyed EMI’s vital databases.But why did so many people love the music, yet recoil when they discovered how it was composed? A study by computer scientist David Moffat of Glasgow Caledonian University provides a clue. He asked both expert musicians and non-experts to assess six compositions. The participants weren’t told beforehand whether the tunes were composed by humans or computers, but were asked to guess, and then rate how much they liked each one. People who thought the composer was a computer tended to dislike the piece more than those who believed it was human. This was true even among the experts, who might have been expected to be more objective in their analyses.Where does this prejudice come from? Paul Bloom of Yale University has a suggestion: he reckons part of the pleasure we get from art stems from the creative process behind the work. This can give it an ‘irresistible essence’, says Bloom. Meanwhile, experiments by Justin Kruger of New York University have shown that people’s enjoyment of an artwork increases if they think more time and effort was needed to create it. Similarly, Colton thinks that when people experience art, they wonder what the artist might have been thinking or what the artist is trying to tell them. It seems obvious, therefore, that with computers producing art, this speculation is cut short - there’s nothing to explore. But as technology becomes increasingly complex, finding those greater depths in computer art could become possible. This is precisely why Colton asks the Painting Fool to tap into online social networks for its inspiration: hopefully this way it will choose themes that will already be meaningful to us.

27． What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph?

A．People’s acceptance of them can vary considerably.

B．A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field. C．They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others. D．The advances are not as significant as the public believes them to be.

正确答案：B

解析：题目：第1段中提到电脑生成的作品时，作者暗示了什么?A．人们对这些作品的接受度差别很大。

B．在这个领域已经有了长足的进展。

C．它们在某些艺术领域的成就高于其他艺术领域。

D．它们的进步不像公众认为的那般重要。此题需要对整段做出总结，从作者的语言色彩，从“creative talents(创造才华)”“enraptured(沉醉其中)”和“售价高达数千美元”等可以看出，作者在描述电脑艺术所取得的成就。因此答案为

B。

28． According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art?

A．It is aesthetically inferior to human art. B．It may ultimately supersede human art.

C．It undermines a fundamental human quality. D．It will lead to a deterioration in human ability.

正确答案：C

解析：题目：根据Geraint Wiggins的看法，为什么人类对电脑艺术充满忧虑?A．从审美上来看，它们劣于人类艺术。

B．它们终究有一天会超越人类艺术。c．它们破坏了人类本性的根基。 D．它们会导致人类能力的衰退。通过人名定位；提到了电脑艺术让人们忧虑，担心它会带走人类之所以被称之为人类的某些特殊的品质；其中原文take something special away from…human与选项中undermine a fundamental human quality匹配；假如不认识undermine，可通过排除法做题，原文中并未提到审美上的优劣或它是否有一天会超越人类艺术，也没有提到导致人类能力的恶化。因此答案为C。

29． What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool? A．its programmer’s background B．public response to its work C．the source of its subject matter D．the technical standard of its output

正确答案：C

解析：题目：Aaron和the Painting Fool之间最本质的区别是什么?A．开发者的背景

B．公众对其作品的反应 C．它们创造物的来源 D．输出的技术标准原文unlike一词说明这句说的就是Aaron和The Painting Fool不同之处，接着扫读可知，后者所需指导极少，作画灵感来自于自主搜索网络材料。选项中的subject matter指“作画主题”，原文中用concepts(概念)来表示，选项中所说的source(来源)，是指“Aaron的创作源自程序员的direction，而The Painting Fool则是来自网络自主搜索”。因此答案为C。

30． What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph? A．Software-produced art is often dismissed as childish and simplistic.

B．The same concepts of creativity should not be applied to all forms of art. C．It is unreasonable to expect a machine to be as imaginative as a human being. D．People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria.

正确答案：D

解析：题目：在第4段中，Simon Colton表达了什么样的观点?A．软件制造的艺术作品常因幼稚或简单而不被重视。

B．同样的创造概念不应被应用在所有的艺术形态中。 C．指望机器同人类一样有想象力是不切实际的。

D．人们倾向于用不同的标准来评判电脑艺术和人类艺术。文中提到Colton认为人们面对人类和电脑艺术时的双重标准，standards即选项中的criteria，double即选项中的different。因此答案为D。

31． The writer refers to the paintings of a chair as an example of computer art which

A．achieves a particularly striking effect.

B．exhibits a certain level of genuine artistic skill. C．closely resembles that of a well-known artist.

D．highlights the technical limitations of the software.

正确答案：A

解析：题目：作者提到了将一把椅子的系列画作作为电脑艺术的例子，它们……A．取得了震撼效果。

B．展现了某种真实的艺术技巧。

C．与一位知名艺术家的作品异常相似。

D．强调软件的技术限制。椅子这个定位词并不难找，根据段落结构，椅子例子是为了论证上文Colton提到的“Software bugs can also lead to unexpected results”，即“软件错误会导致意想不到的结果”，而在举例论证之后，他又评论说，这种技术故障使得这些作品有一种怪异而鬼魅的特质，eerie和ghostlike quality对应选项中的striking effects。因此答案为A。

Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G below.Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 32-37 on your answer sheet.List of IdeasA generating work that was virtually indistinguishable from that of humans.B knowing whether it was the work of humans or software.C producing work entirely dependent on the imagination of its creator.D comparing the artistic achievements of humans and computers.E revealing the technical details of his program.F persuading the public to appreciate computer art.G discovering that it was the product of a computer program.

32． Simon Colton says it is important to consider the long-term view when

正确答案：D

解析：题目：Simon Colton说在……时，考虑长久观点是很重要的。文中提到Colton不同意直接用人类艺术的标准来衡量机器创造力，毕竟人类“有着数千年的时光来发展艺术造诣”。这里定位比较困难，因为long-term view在原文中并没有直接出现，而是通过millennia一词我们得知，人类的艺术之路走了千年，但机器艺术却没有。确定定位后，可知这是在measure两种艺术形态的标准

时出现的论点。因此答案为D“在对比人类和电脑的艺术成就时”。

33． David Cope’s EMI software surprised people by

正确答案：A

解析：题目：David Cope的EMI软件通过……让人们惊讶。此处需要从上下文看出surprised，EMI可以仿作Cope的曲风，甚至各位大师如巴赫、肖邦、莫扎特的曲风。根据逻辑，既然是仿造改写，按理说熟识大师名曲的音乐专家应当能够听出差异性，然而原文中说观众们都被感动哭了，连古典音乐专家都觉得自己真的在听巴赫的作品，对应选项中的virtually indistinguishable，即EMI使人惊讶的是它曲风与真正的大师几乎无差。因此答案为A“创作出与人类作曲家几乎无差的作品”。

34． Geraint Wiggins criticised Cope for not

正确答案：E

解析：题目：Geraint Wiggins批评Cope没有……做题时尽量不要跳过句子只读定位词出现的部分，因为上下文的逻辑关系一旦割裂，出现生词是无法推断的。正如本题，定位词出现的句子中出现了blasted(怒斥)、pseudoscience(伪科学)、condemn(谴责)等不常见的词汇，但如果从前面一句“不是每个人都买账(impressed)”来看，可以看出用such as引导的Wiggins即是不买账的人中的一个例子，这样就可以推测出上述三个词均为impressed的反面，多少可以猜到她在质疑Cope，即对应题干中的criticised；而通过vague explanation可知，Cope在解释自己的软件如何运作时非常含糊其辞，没说清楚，对应题干中的not；答案选项中的technical details对应原文中的how the software worked。因此答案为E“公开自己程序的技术细节”。

35． Douglas Hofstadter claimed that EMI was

正确答案：C

解析：题目：Douglas Hofstadter宣称EMI是……本题易于定位；文中提到Hofstadter说EMI所创作的复制品依然完全依赖原创作曲家的创作冲动。于是要在答案选项中找到原创作曲家相关的句子，即答案选项中的creator，原文中的rely on替换答案选项中的dependent on，而completely替换了entirely，答案中的imagination用来替换原文中的creative impulses。因此答案为C“创作音乐时完全依赖创作者的想象力”。

36． Audiences who had listened to EMI’s music became angry after

正确答案：G

解析：题目：听过了EMI的音乐的观众，在……之后非常气愤。本题易于定位；文中提到当观众发现真相时对Cope充满怒气，甚至有人想去揍他；通过上下文可知这个truth为EMI是电脑产物。因此答案为G“发现听到的是一个电脑软件的产出”。

37． The participants in David Moffat’s study had to assess music without

正确答案：B

解析：题目：David Moffat的调研对象需要在没有……的情况下评价音乐。文中提到参与者并未被提前告知听到的音乐是人还是电脑创作的，但被要求去猜测作者；可以通过题干中的主语participants定位，通过without可找到原文中的weren’t told beforehand，从而确定答案。因此答案为B“被告知作品是人类还是软件写的”。

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

38． Moffat’s research may help explain people’s reactions to EMI. A．YES B．NO

C．NOT GIVEN

正确答案：A

解析：题目：Moffat的调研或许可以解答人们对于EMI的反应。本段开头问了人们为何对EMI有如此反应，而定位词Moffat出现的句子提到，他的研究可能可以提供一个线索；clue即explain的同义替换词。因此答案为Yes。

39． The non-experts in Moffat’s study all responded in a predictable way. A．YES B．NO

C．NOT GIVEN

正确答案：C

解析：题目：Moffat实验中的所有非专业人士的反应都在预料之中。原文提到non-experts时并未说到他们的预期反应会是什么，也就无从说起他们全都按照预期反应。因此答案为Not Given。

40． Justin Kruger’s findings cast doubt on Paul Bloom’s theory about people’s prejudice towards computer art.

A．YES B．NO

C．NOT GIVEN

正确答案：B

解析：题目：Justin Kruger的研究结果质疑了Paul Bloom关于人们对电脑艺

术存在偏见的理论。该题是典型的两位研究人员的观点是相同还是相左的问题；本题在原文中并未出现明显的同意或反对，只能通过两人的理论来推断；提到Paul Bloom认为我们从艺术作品中得到的愉悦部分来自于作品背后的创作过程；Justin Kruger的实验表明人们如果认为作者创作该作品时花的时间和精力越多，他们就会越享受这个作品；从本质上与Paul Bloom观点一致。因此答案为No。