The summary of the materials

The British Revolution is a significant revolution in the global history. It is started with the 1640,that it is ended in the 1688.

The objective reasons of it can be summarized as follows:

First, the autocracy hindered the development of capitalist economy. Second, the growth of new aristocratic and bourgeois forces. Third, the Renaissance brought about the thought liberation, which shook the spiritual pillar of autocracy. (Baidu Encyclopedia) The revolution has some obvious characteristics as follows:

First, it was under the pretext of religion. Before the revolution, the Puritan movement was set off .

Secondly, the British bourgeois and the new aristocracy made a alliance against the autocratic monarchy.

Thirdly, the process of the revolution consisted of twists and turns, which was with long-term nature, complexity and arduous repeatability.

Fourthly, it opened up a new era of revolution.

The process of the revolution can be divided into four stages as follows: 1640——1642 years:The Parliament fight

In 1640, House drafted the \"big protest\" aimed at limiting the kingship, Charlie Thi refused to accept, then the revolution begins in the parliament.

1642——1649 years

Civil War: In 1642, Charlie I convened the royal army to attacked the parliamentarian army, which means the civil war began. Under the conduct of Cromwell, the parliamentarian army defeated the royal army in 1644 and 1645. After the civil war, Charlie Thi was executed to death by guillotine in 1649

1649——1653 years: The stage of The Republic of the British 1653——1659 years: The stage of Cromwell dictatorship

In April 30, 1653, Cromwell launched a coup and dissolved the parliament. In December 16th, he officially announced his occupation as the \"Lord Protector\" of England, Scotland and Ireland , thus the Republic of the British era ended and The stage of Cromwell dictatorship began.

1660——1689 years: The last stage of the revolution

In 1660 Charlie S restored the Stuart feudal dynasty, his brother, James S succeeded to the throne. \"Because Jame’s reactionary policies and bloody revenge seriously harmed the interests of the bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy, they launched a palace coup and overturn the ruling of the Stuart dynasty in 1688. The coup end the revolution without bleeding, which was called the glorious revolution\". In 1689, the parliament promulgated the \"bill of rights\marking the establishment of the constitutional monarchy. (Baidu Encyclopedia)

The Significance of the revolution can be summarized as follows:

First, the British revolution was a major victory of democracy against autocracy system in human history, which also cleared the barriers for the rapid development of British capitalism.

Second, the British revolution opened a prelude for the European and North American revolutionary movement, promoting the development of world history. We can say that the revolution is the beginning of modern world history.

Third, after the revolution, the emergence of long-term political stability has created a good environment for the smooth development of capitalism. Besides, it also created the premise for the

industrial revolution in the Britain and the Britain becoming an industrial powerhouse .

Fourth, the British revolution overthrew the autocratic monarchy, established bourgeoisie’s dominance, then the constitutional monarchy began to set up. (Baidu Encyclopedia)

Chinese scholars Jing Xiaoqiang and Zhang Yuefa wrote an paper with the title “Market economy and capitalism——starting from the beginning of modern world history.” Shortly speaking, in this paper, they insisted that the beginning of the modern history of the world was in 1500.(Jing Xiaoqiang&Zhang Yuefa, Market economy and capitalism——starting from the beginning of modern world history, \"Journal of Kangding Teachers College for Nationalities\" ,the third session, 2002 )

I intensely disagree with the opinion of those two scholars held in the paper above. My reasons are as follows. First, the modernization should meet some necessary standards,such as the industrialization of economy, the democratization of politics , the rationalization of culture, etc.However, all the significant changes happened rightly before or after the 1500 or just formed the climax at that moment as the two scholars referred to in their paper, including the Renaissance, the great geographical discovery, the commercial revolution, Western European natural economy transition to market economy. Frankly speaking, all these changes didn’t meet any standard of the modernization. Thus, I don’t think the modern history began from 1500. Secondly, the British Revolution met the standards of the modernization. Specifically speaking, the revolution established constitutional monarchy, which shew the trend of the democratization of politics. Besides, establishing constitutional monarchy led to a steady political environment for development of the capitalist economy and the industrial revolution. That is to say, the British Revolution indirectly met the standard “the industrialization of economy”. Thirdly, the British Revolution was the earliest typical bourgeois revolution in the global history. As I said above, the result of the bourgeois revolution would meet the standards of the modernization.Shortly speaking, I disagree with the opinion of those two scholars above. In other words, I insist that the British Revolution was the beginning of modern world history.

Then I want to talk about the documentary I found about the revolution. The documentary recorded the history of the British Revolution. The main content and the background information of the documentary may be summarized as some periods as follows:

Firstly, the documentary mainly record the 4stages of the revolution I have told above, so I won’t repeat them again.

Another thing I want to talk about is that the religion had a close relationship with the process of the British Revolution. At the beginning, the explosion of the revolution may have something to do with the contradiction between the Puritan and Catholic. The Puritan wanted to resist the oppression of the Catholic, this may be one reason of the British Revolution. Then, That Cromwell sent the army to invade the Ireland, which may also had something with the religion contradiction. Specifically speaking, the Cromwell was a Puritan. However, the Ireland’s religion was mainly the Catholic. To some degree, the invasion of the Cromwell may be the result of the religious

contradiction. He invaded the Ireland may because he wanted to spread Puritan there. At last, the launch of \" the glorious revolution\" may also have something to do with the religious contradiction. Because the James S believed in Catholic, while the the bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy believed in Puritan. They scared James S would oppress the Puritan and hurt the benefit of themselves, so they launched the coup, driving away the the James S and established the new ruling of the bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy.