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(1) 另外， $< 的意思是取得使用者的 stand input (2) echo 若加上 -n 的选项，则游标会停留在该行最后

echo -n \"Input one color: \" set STOPLIGHT = $< switch ($STOPLIGHT) case red:

echo \"red\" breaksw case orange:

echo \"orange\" breaksw case green:

echo \"green\" breaksw default:

echo \"you input $STOPLIGHT\" endsw

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. 利用 set 来取得变数， set ABC = \"I am ABC\" 也可以利用 `command` 来取得命令

且外，case 也可以用万用字元 * 来代替

set VER = `uname -r` switch ($VER) case 5.5:

echo \"run the setup of $VER\" breaksw case 5.3:

echo \"run the setup of $VER\" breaksw case 5.*:

echo \"like 5.x\" breaksw case 4.*:

echo \"like 4.x\" breaksw default:

echo \"no idea\" endsw

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. if 的语法，比较数字

set n1 = 1 set n2 = 2

if ($n1 == $n2) then

echo \"$n1 Equal $n2\" else

echo \"$n1 Not Equal $n2\" endif

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 4. if 的语法，比较字串

set n1 = abcdef set n2 = abcde

if ($n1 == $n2) then

echo \"$n1 Equal $n2\" else

echo \"$n1 Not Equal $n2\" endif

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 5. if 的语法，比较相似的字串

set n1 = abcdef set n2 = abcde

if ($n1 =~ $n2) then echo \"$n1 Like $n2\" else

echo \"$n1 Not Like $n2\" endif

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 6. if 的语法，比较数字的大小

set n1 = 1 set n2 = 2

if ($n1 > $n2) then echo \"$n1 > $n2\" else

echo \"$n1 < $n2\" endif

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 7. 每分钟执行一次的程式

# mm 等于当天时间的【分钟】数

set mm = `date | cut -d' ' -f4 | cut -d: -f2`

if ( -r $0.out ) then rm $0.out touch $0.out else

touch $0.out endif

while ( $mm <= 16 )

set mm = `date | cut -d' ' -f4 | cut -d: -f2` echo \"$mm now is `date`\" sleep 60

#echo \"$mm now is `date`\" >> $0.out end

echo \"Over\" >> $0.out

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 8. 一个回圈的范例，并且利用 expr 去作加的动作 回圈的语法如下：

foreach number (1 2 3) echo $number end

set counter = 0

while ($counter <= 10)

echo \"sleeping for 5 seconds\" sleep 5

counter = `expr $counter + 1 ` end

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 9. 设定一个用当天月份与日期作为档案名称的程式

如今天是 10/02 , 则 $prefix 会等于 该程式 + 1002

date.csh1002

set prefix = `basename $0``date '+ %m%d'` echo $0

echo $prefix

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 10. 移除在 foreach 回圈内指定的档案内的 font 字串

foreach file ([b,e,g,h,s]*.html)

echo -n \"Processing $file, remove the line number `grep -n font $file`\"

# $log 表示这个 $file 有几个 font 字串 set log = `grep -c font $file` if ( $log == '0' ) then echo \ else

# 先找出该档案的第一次出现 font 的行数，如果 3，则 $cmd = 3d set cmd = `grep -n font $file | cut -d: -f1 | head -1`d # 利用 sed 去执行删除的动作，并把结果输出到 ${file}1 sed $cmd $file > ${file}1

# 如果 ${file}1 没有资料，则 passing if ( -z ${file}1 ) then

echo \" , ${file}1 is zero\" else

cp ${file}1 $file rm {$file}1

echo \" , $file remove ok\" endif endif end

# 后来看过 sed 的更进一步用法，发现先前写的太笨了，试试这个 # sed /font/d $file > ${file}1 # 一次 OK, 我真是大笨蛋

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 11. 功能：将指定的档案中，出现第一次【回】的那一行，加上

foreach file (sky*.html)

set filetitle = ftitle

# 主要部份为 sed 部份 s/^ *// 表示将该行第一个字元前的空白删除

echo \"\" > $ftitle

# 将刚刚那一行，再插回去 head -1 $file > ${file}head sed 1d $file > ${file}1 cat $ftitle >> ${file}head cat ${file}1 >> ${file}head cp ${file}head $file rm ${file}1 rm $ftitle rm ${file}head

echo \"$file ok\" end

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 12. 一个实际建立一个 ftp server 的程式 里面包括许多应用，相当有参考价值 ( 未完成 )

set path = ( /usr/bin /usr/sbin ) #

set true = `grep -c ftp /etc/passwd` if ( $true == 0 ) then

echo \"no ftp user in your system\"

echo -n \"do you want to create the ftp user? \" set answer = $<

if ($answer == 'y' || $answer == 'Y') then

set maxid = `sort /etc/passwd | tail -1 | cut -d: -f3` echo $maxid

set newid = `expr $maxid + 1` echo $newid

echo \"/usr/sbin/useradd -d /home1/ftp -u $newid -s /etc/false ftp\"

endif else

echo \"Good. Your system already has the ftp user. \" set ftphome = `grep ftp: /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f6` echo $ftphome endif

if ( -z $ftphome ) then

echo \"ftphome must be non-null\" exit 2 endif

if ( $ftphome == \"/usr\" || $ftphome == \"/\" ) then echo \"ftphome can't be / or /usr\" exit 2 endif

# create the ftp home directory if ( ! -d $ftphome ) then echo \"mkdir $ftphome\" endif

echo \"Setting up the ftphome for SunOS `uname -r`\"

if ( ! -d $ftphome ) then

echo \"mkdir -p $ftphome/usr/bin\" endif

cp /bin/ls $ftphome/usr/bin

chmod 111 $ftphome/usr/bin/ls chown root $ftphome/usr/bin chmod 555 $ftphome/usr/bin

if ( -r $ftphome/bin ) then

mv -f $ftphome/bin $ftphome/Obin endif

ln -s usr/bin $ftphome

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 13. 取得该使用者的 UID

if ( $#argv == 0 ) then

echo \"$0 usage: $1 username\" exit 2 endif

set uid = `grep $1 /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f3` echo $uid

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 14. 将指定档案内的 html 取代成 htm

foreach file ( *.html )

echo \"Processing $file ...\"

sed s/html/htm/ $file > ${file}1 cp ${file}1 $file rm ${file}1 end

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 15. 一个简简单单的范例，看看就好

#!/bin/csh -f

echo .................

echo WELCOME to \\* TAPE COPY \\* echo ................. echo Enter your name:

# $< can read from stand input set name = $< echo \" \" echo Hi $name \\! set D = `date`

echo Today\\'s date is $D[1] $D[2] $D[3] if ($D[1] == Mon) then

echo -------------------------------------------------------------

echo Today is $D[1]day $name, it\\'s time to copy your directorys\\!

echo ------------------------------------------------------------- else

echo -------------------------------------------------------------

echo Today is $D[1]day $name, no tape copies today\\!

echo ------------------------------------------------------------- endif

--------------------------------------------------------------------

16. 一个 finger 的程式

set FINGER = \"/usr/ucb/finger\"

if ( -x $FINGER ) then

if ( $#argv == 0 ) then cat << TAG

--------------------------------- Hahahah ....

--------------------------------- TAG

else

$FINGER \"$*\" endif else

echo \"Cannot find finger on this system.\" endif

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 17. 取得变数的方法

set W = `who -r` echo $W[9]

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 18. 更改档案名称，将 *.html --> *.htm

# rename *.html to *.htm

echo -n \"This will change *.html to *.htm. Can I continue ? (y/n) : \" set input = $<

if ( $input != \"y\" && $input != \"Y\" ) then echo \"Ok. Quit...\" exit 2 endif

foreach file ( *.html )

echo \"Processing $file to `basename $file .html`.htm \" mv $file `basename $file .html`.htm end

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 19. 更改档案名称，将 *.htm --> *.html

echo -n \"This will change *.htm to *.html. Can I continue ? (y/n) : \" set input = $<

if ( $input != \"y\" && $input != \"Y\" ) then echo \"Ok. Quit...\" exit 2 endif

# rename *.htm to *.html foreach file ( *.htm )

echo \"Processing $file to `basename $file .htm`.html \" mv $file `basename $file .htm`.html end

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 20. 将大写的档名改成小写的档名

tr string1 string2 会将 standard input 的字串， 所对应到的 string1, 都以 string2 取代

foreach file ( * )

mv $file `echo $file | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'` end

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 21. 将小写的档名改成大写的档名

foreach file (*)

mv $file `echo $file | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'` end

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