介词+which的用法及练习
1. 语法作用：“介词＋关系代词”在从句中主要起关系副词的作用，即在定语从句中充当状语，表示地点，时间和原因：“介词＋which”分别相当于 where，when，why。
例：1). I have found the book in which/ where the names of all the early satellites are mentioned.
2). The earth on which / where we live is a planet.
3). I’ll never forget the day on which / when I joined the Party.
4). I know a wood in which / where you can find roses.
5). Is there any reason for which / why you should have a holiday？
（in which 在...里面；on which在...的上面，或具体时间的某一天；for which为了...目的，因为...原因；at which在...里面，或在...上面，或在...岁。）
2. way后常用that代替in which，也可省略that。
例：1). I really don’t like the way that / in which he talks.
2). That was the way in which / that the old lady looked after us.
3). Do it the way I showed you.
3. “of ＋which”起形容词的作用，相当于whose，其词序通常是“n. ＋of which”。
例：1). They live in a house whose door /, the door of which opens to the south.
2). He’s written a book whose name /, the name of which I’ve completely forgotten.
4. 介词与定语从句中的动词、形容词的习惯搭配
例：1). These are the wires with which different machines are connected．(be connected with)
2). The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our compa-ny. (be familiar with )
3). The plane may be several hours late, in which case there’s no point in our waiting. (in the case)
4). The speaker paused to examine his notes, at which point a loud crash was heard. (at the point)
5). Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight. (for the reason)
（注意：同形的先行词，或定语从句中的动词、形容词表示不同的含义时，要根据其含义选用不同的介词。
1). I can't remember the age at which he won the prize． 2). That is the age in which people live in peace and happiness．
age在前句中意为“年岁”，与at搭配；在后句中意为“时期”，与 in搭配。）
5. 复杂介词须保持其完整形式，常见的复杂介词有on the top of，in the middle of，in front of，in spite of，at the back of，because of，by means of等。
例：1). We took a photo of rocket, the length of which was about 30 metres．
2). Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other．
6. 短语动词中的介词不可与动词分开提至关系代词前。常见的短语动词有listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of，look into，break into，get rid of，take part in，make use of，take hold of，catch hold of，catch up with，get along with，look forward to等。此时可用which，who，whom或that，也可将他们省略。
例： This is the girl of whom he will take care．（误）
This is the girl whom he will take care of．（正）
7. 关系代词的选择
用于介词后的关系代词只有which，whom，前者指物，后者指人。
例：1). There are many research stations on the earth in which outer space is studied． （which指代research stations）
2). We questioned the pilot, from whom we learnt that no other planes had been seen． （whom指代the pilot）
8. whose和 of which/ of whom的区别 ：关系代词whose，引导定语从句时，既可指人，又可指物，在从句中只能作定语；of whom只能指人；of which只能指物，有时whose可以与of whom和of which互换使用。
其他区别：
1). 定语从句的主语是few, little, some, most, many, much等时，一般只用of whom和of which。如：In the room are lots of people, many of whom I don’t know.
2). 定语从句的主语是数词、形容词的最高级时，一般只用of whom和of which。如： The old man has three children, two of whom are college students and one of whom is a manager.
3). 定语从句的主语是 all, none, both, neither, each等不定代词时，一般只用of whom和of which。如： There are fifty students in our class, all of whom are working hard.
4). 在定语从句中作表语的定语时，一般只用of whom和of which。如：There are many countries in Asia, of which China is the largest one.
5). of which时应在名词前加上定冠词the，如果名词前没有冠词，就用whose。)
练习：
1. I can’t believe that the restaurant, ______ I have eaten such wonderful meal, is going to be close down.
A. which B. at which C. about which D. for which
2. Wind power(风能) is an ancient source of energy ______ we may return in near future.
A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which
3. We have gathered nearly 100,000 quilts, _____up to half have gone to flood-hit areas.
A. with which B. in which C. for which D. of which
4. The house windows face south is our reading-room.
A. of which B. whose C. which D. its
5.The Second World War_________millions of people were killed in 1945.
A.during which B.in that C.where D.on which
6. China has many rivers,________the Changjiang River is the longest.
A.which B. in which C.among which D. one of which
7. This is the very knife_____I used to cut apples yesterday.
A.that B.by which C.which D.with which
答案：
1： B
2：C， return to习惯搭配
3：D, half of the quilts
4: B，of which时应在名词前加上定冠词the，也就是名词前有the就只能用of
which。如果名词前没有冠词，就用whose。
5. A， during which 在...期间
6.C, among which在...之中
7. A, used to do + yesterday, 表达use sth. to do sth., thatvery引导, 只能用that
做used的宾语, 由
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