寻找一些关于外国风俗、风情、风景的网站
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发布时间：2022-04-23 12:06
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热心网友
时间：2023-10-12 21:28
美国是一个文化的西方文化,和美国之前很久以来一直发展成为一个国家。其首席早期是英国文化的影响,由于殖民地与英国的关系,传播英语,法律制度和其他文化遗产。其他重要的影响来自欧洲其他地方,尤其是国家的大量移民,比如爱尔兰,德国,波兰,意大利,美国本土的人民;非洲,特别是
你是要哪方面的习俗呀?节日还是日常行为?
1. 信奉*教的国家
禁酒；妇女蒙戴面纱（外国人也一样），每天祷告五次；禁忌食用猪肉。在斋月里，日出之后和日落之前不允许吃喝。
忌讳用左手向客人传递食物。用左手洗澡，认为左手不干净，用左手拿食品是不礼貌的。宴会上不饮酒，以果汁代酒。
2. 信奉印度教的国家
印度教徒不吃牛肉，认为牛是神圣不可侵犯的。把牛奉为神牛，牛在大街小巷行走，车辆行人要礼让。把母牛视为“圣牛”，老死不能宰杀，甚至当母牛不能自己寻觅食物时，有的还被收入“圣牛养老院”中供养。
3. 信奉佛教的国家
缅甸的国教为佛教。佛教徒占缅甸总人口的95％。缅甸人十分尊敬僧侣，僧侣出门上车、坐船其他人都得起立让座。僧侣的食物由佛教徒来斋奉。只有当过和尚才算*。
泰国人信佛教。非常重视头部。认为头是神圣不可侵犯的。如果用手触摸泰国人的头部，则被认为是对他的一种极大的侮辱。如果长辈在座，晚辈必须蹲跪，以免高于长辈的头部。某人坐着的时候，忌讳他人提物从头上掠过。小孩的头谁也不能摸，不然是不吉利。泰国人睡觉时不能头朝西，因为日落西方象征死亡。泰国人死后才将尸体的头部朝西停放。
4. 西方人忌讳“十三”
宴会避免在“十三日、星期五”举行，门牌号、旅馆房号、楼房号、宴会桌没有13号，乘车没有13号车。
（二）受文化传统影响，形成的风俗习惯
1. 日常生活的禁忌
泰国人习惯合掌行见面礼。泰国人绝对不用红笔签名，因为在泰国，人们用红笔把死者姓名写在棺材上。
日本人不喜欢别人敬烟，他们习惯自己牌号的烟。日本人忌讳“四”和“九”字，“四”在日语中发音与“死”和“苦”相似。
中国人的习惯是“摇头不算点头算”，但在阿尔巴尼亚、保加利亚、斯里兰卡、印度、尼泊尔等很多地方，人们却以摇头表示同意，点头表示不同意。
对戴帽子的男人，在美国和英国，遇到朋友，需微微把帽子揭起点头致意。但在意大利需把帽子拉低，以表示尊敬。
2. 重视职衔称呼
德国人，奥地利人很重视职衔的称呼，如果他们是博士、教授，应不厌其烦地使用这个称号，他会很高兴。
3. 各国对颜色的忌讳
一般认为白色是纯洁的象征；黑色是肃穆的象征；*是和谐的象征，而红色和蓝色是吉祥如意的象征。
很多国家以黑色为葬礼的颜色。灵车用黑色。比利时人忌蓝色。巴西人以棕*为凶丧之色，认为人死好比黄叶从树上落下来。
4. 各国对用花的忌讳
许多国家，喜欢赠送亲戚朋友玫瑰花和白色百合花，以表示祝贺。但在印度和欧洲一些国家，用这种花表示对死者的悼念。
在法国和意大利，人们忌讳菊花。
日本人忌讳荷花，梅花。
在巴西，紫色的花主要用于葬礼。
在法国，*的花是不忠诚的。
罗马尼亚人送花束时，棵数应是单数。
中国人喜欢菊花，但向外宾献花时忌用菊花，也不用杜鹃花，石竹花。
（三）受生活习惯影响形成的风俗习惯
鞠躬礼：脱帽，日本人讲究。
点头礼；举手注目礼；握手礼。
吻手礼（注意女士先伸手，将指尖轻轻提起吻一下。如女方不伸手则不能强迫。屈膝。作半跪式）。
亲吻礼（长辈对晚辈，在脸上或额上）。
拥抱礼（欧美，特别是*，拥抱和亲吻）。
“OK”的手势，食指和大拇指联搭成圆，其他三个指头向上伸开，表示同意，美国人常用这种礼。
热心网友
时间：2023-10-12 21:28
The culture of the United States is a Western culture, and has been developing since long before the United States became a country. Its chief early influence was British culture, e to colonial ties with the British that spread the English language, legal system and other cultural inheritances. Other important influences came from other parts of Europe, especially countries from which large numbers immigrated such as Ireland, Germany, Poland, and Italy; the Native American peoples; Africa, especially the western part, from which came the ancestors of most African Americans; and young groups of immigrants. American culture also has shared influence on the cultures of its neighbors in the New World.
The United States has traditionally been known as a melting pot, but recent academic opinion is tending towards cultural diversity, pluralism and the image of a salad bowl rather than a melting pot Due to the extent of American culture there are many integrated but unique subcultures within the United States. The strongest influences on American culture came from northern European cultures, most prominently from Germany, Ireland and England.
There is a close relationship between America's political and economic traditions. It is widely believed that the indivial pursuit of self-interest leads to the best result both for the indivial and for society as a whole. It has been a successful formula for both economic success and optimal political function for many. The precise amount of indivial economic freedom that Americans should have is often debated, with the (usually relatively slight) differences in opinion marking the major differences between political parties. The end result, however, is that the U.S. economy has become the largest on earth, with most of its citizens enjoying comparatively high living standards.
The fact that the United States is the largest English-speaking marketplace allows firms to compete across the country and to enjoy economies of scale (cost rections that arise from the huge scale of manufacturing) that rece prices and benefit consumers. The relatively uniform commercial culture—with many large stores or "chains" operating nationwide—proces a commercial atmosphere that is relatively homogeneous throughout the country. The population of the United States tends to be centered in large cities, in marked contrast to the demographics of a century ago, when the country was quite agrarian.
The United States is generally skeptical or hostile toward socialist and communist ideologies, but some of the related movements, such as the labor movement, became a defining part of America's heritage after the New Deal. The American process of Judicial Review caused the United States to be less affected by socialist ideas and policies in the 20th century than was Europe, because the Supreme Court overturned much labor legislation which in the European countries remained law[1]. The McCarthy Era and the Cold War as a whole demonstrated a deeply felt hostility to communism, which, especially at that time, was perceived as anti-indivialist, undemocratic, and essentially anti-American. They are also evidenced in aspects of social policy (for example, the absence of a national health care system and the constant controversy about the size and role of the government, especially the federal government, in indivials' lives and in states' laws).
The American tradition of free-market capitalism has led the populace (and their leaders) to generally accept the vicissitudes of the free market and the continuous alterations to society that a changing economy implies, although social and economic displacement are common. The result is a flexible, profit-oriented socioeconomic system.
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Relationship to other countries/cultures
Perhaps as a result of being such a large single market / culture, some believe that Americans are relatively insulated and uninterested in the culture or political developments of other countries. America is one of few nations that has resisted changing to the metric system. Comparatively few books from non-English European countries or Asia are translated for sale in the United States. Imported films are generally less successful than domestic. Though there are exceptions, including Japanese anime and the British comedy phenomenon Monty Python, imported television shows are generally rarely successful outside of PBS and Discovery Channel. Remakes of foreign shows are increasingly common, as emphasized by the popularity of the American versions of The Office and Queer as Folk; in these cases, the show is often rewritten and localized with American actors cast in the place of their British counterparts. Relatively few foreign films and television programs proced abroad are broadcast on non-ethnic stations with bbing or subtitling). The show Survivor was originally a Swedish show called "Robinson" (taking its name from Robinson Crusoe).
Americans also tend to travel to other countries less than citizens of European countries, partly because intercontinental travel from the United States typically entails much further distances than for Europeans resulting in much higher costs. The average American worker has fewer vacation days than the average European (10-15 rather than the European average of around 20). America's vast size also enables its citizens to go great distances, and see a variety of places, without leaving the country. For example, one can travel within the continental United States from a near-tropical region (e.g. Southern Texas) to a frigid region (Minnesota). California offers a large coastline, snow-capped mountains, prairies, and deserts within a single state. Lifestyles, food, and culture also tend to differ within the different regions.
The types of food served at home vary greatly and depend upon the region of the country and the family's own cultural heritage. Recent immigrants tend to eat food similar to that of their country of origin, and Americanized versions of these cultural foods, such as American Chinese cuisine or Italian-American cuisine often eventually appear. German cuisine also had a profound impact on American cuisine, especially the mid-western cuisine, with potatoes and meat being the most iconic ingredients in both cuisines.[2]
Families that have lived for a few generations in the U.S. tend to eat some combination of that and the food common to the region they live in or grew up in, such as New England cuisine, Midwestern cuisine, Southern cuisine, Tex-Mex cuisine, and Californian cuisine.
Around the world the United States is perhaps best known for its numerous and successful fast food franchises. Such chains, including McDonald's, Burger King, and Kentucky Fried Chicken are known for selling simply, pre-prepared meals of foods such as hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, fried chicken, and ice cream. Though undeniably popular, such food, with its emphasis on deep-frying, has been criticized by dietitians in recent decades for being unhealthy and a cause of obesity. It has thus become somewhat of a stereotype to associate American cuisine with obesity and junk food, but in reality fast food represents only a tiny fraction of available American cuisine.
American sports are quite distinct from those played elsewhere in the world. The top three spectator team sports are baseball, American football and basketball, which are all popular on both the college and professional levels. Baseball is the oldest of these. The professional game dates from 1869 and had no close rivals in popularity until the 1960s; though baseball is no longer the most popular sport it is still referred to as the "national pastime." Also unlike the professional levels of the other popular spectator sports in the U.S., Major League Baseball teams play almost every day from April to October. American football (known simply as "football" in the U.S.) attracts more viewers within the country than baseball nowadays; however, National Football League teams play only 16 regular-season games each year, so baseball is the runaway leader in ticket sales. Basketball, invented in Massachusetts by the Canadian-born James Naismith, is another popular sport, represented professionally by the National Basketball Association.
Most residents along the northern tier of states recognize a fourth major sport - ice hockey. Always a mainstay of Great Lakes and New England-area culture, the sport gained tenuous footholds in regions like the Carolinas and Tampa Bay, Florida in recent years, as the National Hockey League pursued a policy of expansion.
The top tier of stock car auto racing, NASCAR, has grown from a mainly Southern sport to the second-most-watched sport in the U.S. behind football. It has largely outgrown a previously provincial image; it is now avidly followed by fans in all socioeconomic groups and NASCAR sponsorships in the premier Nextel Cup division are highly sought after by hundreds of the U.S.'s largest corporations.
Unlike in Europe, Africa, and Latin America, soccer has a relatively small following, and is mostly popular in the more international cities with large immigrant populations, like New York and Los Angeles. Generally few non-Hispanic American alts appear to be attracted to soccer as spectators, but the sport is widely played by children of affluent backgrounds (giving rise to the "soccer mom" stereotype). Dramatic growth in youth participation has fueled the national team's steady rise in caliber of play over the last two decades of the 20th century and the 2000s. Almost as many girls as boys play youth soccer in the U.S., contributing to the women's national team becoming one of the world's premier women's sides.
The extent in America to which sports are associated with secondary and tertiary ecation is unique among nations. In basketball and football, high school and particularly college sports are followed with a fervor equaling or exceeding that felt for professional sports; college football games can draw six-digit crowds, many prominent high school football teams have stadiums that seat tens of thousands of spectators, and the college basketball championship tournament played in March draws enormous attention. For upper-tier schools, sports are a significant source of revenue. Though student athletes may be held to significantly lower academic requirements than non-athletes at many large universities, minimum standards do exist.
The primary, although not official, language of the United States is English. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, more than 97% of Americans can speak English well, and for 81% of the population, it is the only language spoken at home.
Other languages that are considered to be important to U.S. culture include:
Spanish because of the proximity of and immigration from Mexico and other Spanish-speaking countries of the Caribbean and Central and South America, as well as the cultural crossover of the borderlands,
the native Hawaiian language, and other native languages with large numbers of speakers (like Navajo)
Korean, Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Tagalog (Filipino language) e to immigration from the countries where those languages are spoken, and
French, in Louisiana (a former French colony, where Cajun French is spoken), and in northern New England, home to many French Canadian immigrants in the past and which is also influenced by neighboring Acadian-Canadian culture.
There are more than 300 languages besides English which can claim native speakers in the United States--some of which are spoken by the indigenous peoples (about 150 living languages) and others which were imported by immigrants. Creoles native to the United States include Gullah and Cajun, both spoken in the Southeast. American Sign Language, used mainly by the deaf, is also native to the country.
There are four major regional dialects in the United States--northeastern, south, inland north and midlands. The Midlands accent (considered the "standard accent" in the United States, and analogous in some respects to the received pronunciation elsewhere in the English-speaking world) extends from what were once the "Middle Colonies" across the Midwest to the
Historically, the United States' religious tradition has been dominated by Protestant Christianity, but this tradition coexists in a public sphere where religious plurality and secularism are the norm. For example, the United States Constitution enshrined indivial freedom of religious practice, which courts have since interpreted to mean that the government is a secular institution, an idea called "separation of church and state".
While the many Christian sects have the most adherents, many other faiths are also popular and growing in numbers. No one religion holds sway over the entirety of the population. "Culture wars" often have roots in religious differences, but religious violence is virtually nonexistent and roundly condemned by religious as well as non-religious indivials. U.S. people as a whole attend religious services more often than do their peers in most Northern European countries. In fact, the U.S. is rare among instrialized nations in that most of its citizens consider themselves religious. It is not, however, as religious as many of its neighbors in the New World.
According to the 2001 American Religious Identity Survey (ARIS), 76.5% of United States residents, or 159 million people, identify themselves as Christians; 13.2% or 27.5 million identify as non-religious or secular. Other faiths represented include the 1.3% (or 2.8 million) of U.S. people who identify themselves as Jewish; 0.5% (1 million) who identify themselves as Muslim; 0.5% (1 million) who identify themselves as Buddhists; 0.5% (991,000) who identify as agnostic; 0.4% (902,000) who identify as atheist; 0.4% (766,000) identify as Hin; and 0.3% (629,000) who identify as Unitarian Universalist.
According to the same study, the major Christian denominations (making up the vast majority of faiths actively practiced in the United States) are (in order): Roman Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, Lutheran, Presbyterian, Pentecostal (aka Charismatic or Evangelical), Episcopalian, Latter-Day Saints, Church of Christ, and Congregational.
According to other studies, as reported by the Statistical Abstract of the United States, Americans' self-reported religious affiliations are 56% Protestant, 27% Roman Catholic, 2% Judaism, 1% Orthodox Christianity, 1% Mormon faith, 5% "other specific" religion, and 8% "other" or "did not designate." Some 68% of Americans are members of a place of worship, and 44% attend that place of worship regularly.
可能太多了。。。。
抱歉
是关于美国的
热心网友
时间：2023-10-12 21:29
外国的风光风光
